2 ０１２年温州市公务员体能状况及影响因素分析

摘要：目的　了解温州市公务员体能状况及其影响因素，为制定该人群预防保健措施提供科学依据。方法
　于２０１２年对温州市直机关公务员进行体能测试和健康问卷调查。采用自制调查表对公务员的常见病、运
动习惯、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠等进行现况调查。由温州市体育局国民体质监测中心进行体能素质测试，由温
州市中心医院超声科进行颈动脉内中膜（ｉｎｔｉｍａ ｍｅｄｉａｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ，ＩＭＴ）厚度测量。结果　以４５６名资料完
整的４０～６０岁公务员为研究对象。结果显示， 该人群患病率相对较高的前５ 种疾病分别为： 颈椎疾病
２８．７３％ （１３１例）、高血脂１７．５４％ （８０例）、高血压１５．１３％ （６９例）、骨关节病１０．５３％ （４８例）、消化
性溃疡６．５８％ （３０ 例）。体力评分及格率为５３．７３％ （２４５／４５６）， 其中女性公务员及格率（８３／１１７，
７０．９４％）显著高于男性公务员（１６２／３３９，４７．７９％）（犘＜０．０１）。颈动脉内中膜（ＩＭＴ） 厚度与年龄呈正
相关（狉＝０．２６８；犘＜０．０１），与每天的吸烟量呈正相关（狉＝０．０８３；犘＜０．０５）。体力评分与是否规律运动
有相关性（狉＝－０．２１；犘＜０．０１）。结论　温州市直机关公务员健康状况不容乐观，应改变不良生活习惯、
增强体质、科学运动，在医生和体育工作者的指导下定期检查，做到早发现，早预防，早治疗。
关键词：公务员；健康体检；颈动脉粥样硬化；颈动脉内中膜厚度；体质测评
中图分类号：Ｒ８７１　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１４）０１ ００４６ ０３

The overall health condition of civil servants and influencing factors in Lucheng district of Wenzhou in 2012

Objective To better understand the physical health condition of civil servants in Lucheng district of Wenzhou, and to discuss the influencing factors. Methods A self-made questionnaire survey was conducted among civil servants in Lucheng district of Wenzhou in 2012 in terms of their life styles. Their physical qualities were assessed and carotid intima media thickness （IMT） was measured as well. Results A total of 456 civil servants aged 40-60 years were surveyed. Data analysis revealed that the incidence of cervical vertebra disease was the highest （28.72G）, followed by hyperlipidemia （17.54G） .hypertension （15.13%）, osteoarthro sis （10.52%） and peptic ulcer （6.58%） . More female subjects passed the fitness test than males （70.94G us 47.79% ） （P〈0.01） with the overall pass rate of 53.73%. The IMT was positively correlated with age （r =0. 268, P〈0. 001）, and daily smoking （r=0. 083, P〈0.05） . Physical quality was closely related to rcg ular exercise （r=0.21, P0. 001） . Conclusion The overall health condition of civil servants surveyed is far from satisfied, therefore, it is suggested that they should change their life styles, excise more and have annual check-up.