禽肉流通环节空肠弯曲菌污染及婴幼儿感染的研究

摘要：目的　了解深圳市家禽肉流通各环节的空肠弯曲菌污染情况，探讨空肠弯曲菌的分子分型特征。方
法　采集活家禽肛拭子、宰杀环境拭子、零售禽肉样本， 婴幼儿腹泻患者粪便样本。依据ＧＢ／Ｔ４７８９．９
２００８ 《食品卫生微生物学检验》进行检验。分离的菌株利用ＰＦＧＥ 进行分型。结果　６０份鸡肛拭子共检出
空肠弯曲菌２２株，阳性率为３６．６７％；３０份鸭肛拭子共检出空肠弯曲菌３株，阳性率为１０．００％；４０份鹅
肛拭子共检出空肠弯曲菌７株，阳性率为１７．５０％。１２ 份脱毛机内壁拭子、６ 份案板拭子、１２ 份工作人员
手拭子，分别检出空肠弯曲菌２、１、１ 株。采集市场现宰新鲜禽肉４０ 份，检出空肠弯曲菌７株，阳性率
为１７．５０％；超市采集冷冻禽肉３６ 份，未检出空肠弯曲杆菌。婴幼儿腹泻样本１６３份，检出空肠弯曲菌４
株，检出率为２．４５％。脉冲场凝胶电泳分析结果显示，分离得到的２４株菌可分为２４个型别。结论　深圳
地区禽肉食品各流通环节存在较普遍的空肠弯曲菌污染，婴幼儿感染空肠弯曲菌的状况也较常见。
关键词：空肠弯曲菌；污染；禽类；腹泻
中图分类号：Ｒ５１２．５　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１４）０４ ０３５３ ０４

Contamination of poultry with Campylobacter jejuni and its infection among infants and young children

Objective To investigate the contamination of poultry with Campylobacter jejuni（C.jejuni）in Shenzhen and to analyze the molecular characteristics,as well as to understand the status of its infection in infants and young children. Methods Anal swabs from live poultry,swabs from slaughter environment,meat samples from retail poultry and stool samples from infants and young children with diarrhea were collected and tested according to GB/T4789.9-2008 ＂ microbiological examination of food hygiene＂.C.jejuni bacteria were isolated and then typed by PFGE. Results The positive rate of C.jejuni was 36.67%（22/60）in chicken anal swabs,10.00%（3/30）and 17.50%（7/40）in duck and goose anal swabs.There were only two samples found positive in 12swabs collected inside the hair removal machine wall.One in 6cut board swabs and one in 12hand swabs was positive for C.jejuni.Out of 40fresh poultry meat samples,7were positive with the positive rate of 17.50%.None of the 40samples of frozen poultry meat was found positive.Meanwhile,the positive rate was 2.45%in 163stool samples collected from infants and young children with diarrhea.Pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis showed that 24strains isolated were identified as 24types. ConclusionsThe contamination of poultry with Campylobacter jejuni is common in Shenzhen,as is the infection among infants and young children.