北京市城市职业人群工作性质与焦虑情绪研究

摘要：目的　了解职业人群工作性质和焦虑情绪的现状及其影响因素，为干预工作的开展提供理论依据。
方法　采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，对北京市公务员、科技人员、企事业人员三类职业人群开展问卷调
查。结果　共调查１８９８人，其中公务员占５８．３％；科技人员占２２．８％；企业人员占１９．０％。焦虑情绪的
总检出率为１８．５３％，公务员检出率为１８．９％，科技人员检出率为１６．５％，企业人员检出率为２０．９％，差
异无统计学意义（犘＞０．０５）。多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析显示， 感到工作强度大（犗犚＝１．７７７，９５％犆犐：
１．４９１～２．１１８）、工作受上级认可程度低（犗犚＝１．７７２，９５％犆犐：１．３６５～２．３０２）、工作中获得的成就感低
（犗犚＝１．３１６，９５％犆犐：１．０５８～１．６３７）、工作中能力发挥程度低（犗犚＝１．３６８，９５％犆犐：１．０７５～１．７４０）、
睡眠质量差（犗犚＝１．８６１，９５％犆犐：１．５０６～２．２９９） 者， 焦虑检出率高； 社会支持的来源越多（犗犚＝
０．７２６，９５％犆犐：０．６４５～０．８１７），焦虑检出率越低。结论　焦虑情绪与工作性质相关，有必要对职业人群
开展有针对性地干预，提升其健康水平。
关键词：职业人群；工作压力；焦虑情绪
中图分类号：Ｒ１９３　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１４）０３ ０１９９ ０５

Study of occupation related anxiety in Beijing

Objective To better understand work related anxiety among professionals in Beijing,and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Professionals from 3different occupational workplaces（public servant, scientific and technologic personnel,and enterprise personnel）were randomly selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling method and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Results A total of 1 898individuals, including 1 106civil servants（58.3%）,432scientific and technological personnel（22.8%）and 360enterprise personnel（19.0%）were surveyed.An overall 18.53% participants claimed of having anxiety with no significant differences among individuals from 3workplaces（P〉0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that high strain job（OR=1.777,95%CI：1.491-2.118）,poor recognition by others（OR= 1.772,95%CI：1.365-2.302）,low job achievement（OR=1.316,95%CI：1.058-1.637）and capability（OR=1.368,95%CI：1.075-1.740）,poor sleeping quality（OR=1.861,95%CI：1.506-2.299）were major risk factors to job related anxiety,while social support was found to be negatively related to anxiety（OR=0.726,95%CI：0.645-0.817）. Conclusions Anxiety is occupation related.It is necessary to develop specific intervention based on the nature of work to improve mental health of professionals.