上海市闵行区中老年人群颈动脉内-中膜厚度及斑块现状的超声检测

目的通过超声检查了解上海市闵行区中老年人群颈动脉的现状,为本地区心脑血管疾病的预防和诊治提供基线数据。方法将3 081名研究者按年龄段分成5组进行颈动脉检查,观察并记录相关检测数据。结果比较不同部位、性别及年龄组之间颈动脉内-中膜厚度（IMT）、IMT增厚及斑块检出率,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。检出的颈动脉狭窄以轻、中度为主,分别为52.9%、26.6%;颈动脉分叉处（BIF）的斑块检出率最高（90.0%）。不同部位颈动脉IMT与年龄呈线性正相关,其中颈总动脉（CCA）的IMT与年龄线性关系最密切（r左=0.457,r右=0.495,P〈0.05）。结论闵行区中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化（CAS）随年龄增长呈逐渐加重的趋势;男性CAS程度高于女性;50~59岁人群颈动脉IMT增厚较其他年龄组显著。颈动脉超声检查是早期观察动脉粥样硬化形成的有效方法。

Ultrasound detection of carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque in the elderly in Minhang District,Shanghai

Objective To investigate the status of carotid artery in the elderly population by ultrasound detection, and to provide baseline data for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Minhang District, Shanghai. Methods A total 3 081 patients were divided into five groups according to age. They received carotid artery examination and recorded the relate data. Results The carotid artery intima-media thickness（IMT）, and IMT thickening and plaque detection rate were compared among different locations, genders and ages, and there were significant differences（P〈0.05）. The detected carotid artery stenosis was mainly at mild and moderate degree, accounting for 52.9% and 26.6%, respectively. The detection rate in bifurcation plaque was the highest, with the rate of 92.0%. The carotid artery IMT in different locations was linearly correlated with age, especially in common carotid artery（r was 0.457 and 0.495 in the left and right carotid artery, respectively, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The degree of carotid atherosclerosis（CAS） is positively correlated with the age of the elderly population in Minhang District. CAS in the male is more serious than that in the female. The carotid artery IMT thickening in 50-59 years old group was more severe than that in other groups. Carotid ultrasound is an effective method to detect early atherosclerosis.