2010-2013年普洱市澜沧县暗娼艾滋病哨点 监测结果分析

摘要:目的　了解澜沧县暗娼人群艾滋病（AIDS）及相关知识的知晓情况，高危行为及艾滋病病毒（HIV）、梅毒、丙肝的感染情况，通过监测检测结果分析，完善适合澜沧县的暗娼综合干预措施。方法　在2010-2013年，抽取澜沧县中、低档娱乐场所暗娼共1201名进行艾滋病相关知识行为问卷调查和血清学检测。结果　澜沧县暗娼平均年龄26.3岁，文化程度以初中、小学为主，占90.6%，艾滋病知识知晓率97.0%，但对非传播途径“蚊虫叮咬是否传播艾滋病病毒”的认识不足，知晓率为84.7%，佤族少数民族仅为73.9%。0.25%的暗娼吸毒，最近1年接受过HIV 检测的仅16.3%。HIV流行率稳定在1%左右，低于云南省2013年平均检出率（1.2%），但仍高出我国城市暗娼人群HIV感染率（0.02%）。梅毒连续2年检出率高于云南省2013年的1.4%。HCV检出率有升高趋势，2013年达4%，也高于云南省HIV哨点监测检出率（1.8%）。结论　少数民族地区暗娼受教育程度低，艾滋病非传播途径知识知晓率低于平均艾滋病知识知晓率。有共用针具吸毒暗娼，有患性病暗娼，暗娼中HIV、梅毒和HCV均被检出，故感染HIV、梅毒、HCV的风险加大。

Analysis on AIDS sentinel surveillance of female sex workers in Lancang,Puer between 2010 and 2013

Abstract: Objective This study was to understand the status of AIDS knowledge, high risk behaviors and epidemics of HIV, syphilis and HCV among female sex workers (FSW) in Lancang, providing a reference for the improvement of interventions to FSW. Methods 1201 FSW were selected from low-level venues in Lancang for questionnaire interview and sero-surveillance. Results The average age of Lancang county sex workers is 26.3 years old. 90.6% of FSW had an education of middle school- or primary school-level. 97% were aware of AIDS, but only 84.7% understood that mosquito bite is not the transmission route of AIDS. The FSW of Wa enthnic group showed even lower awareness rate (73.9%) of this question of "mosquito transmission route". 0.25% of the studied FSW used drugs during the past year. Only 16.3% received HIV test. HIV prevalence was stable at 1%, below the average value of 1.2% of Yunnan province in 2013, but still higher than the average of 0.02% among cities over the whole country. The detection rate of Syphilis was higher than the average value of 1.4% in Yunnan province, 2013, for two consecutive years. The detection rate of HCV increased, reaching 4% in 2013, also higher than the detection rate of 1.8% at sites of provincial HIV sentinel surveillance in Yunnan. Conclusion FSW in minority areas had low education levels, and a lower awareness rate of HIV non-transmission route than the average awareness rate about AIDS transmission. Among FSW, needle sharing and the existence of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, HCV and syphilis greatly increased the risk of HIV, HCV and syphilis.