表观遗传异常与宫颈癌

摘要:癌症是一类遗传及表观遗传异常的复杂疾病。宫颈癌由癌前病变发展为侵入性的宫颈癌是由于人乳头瘤病毒（Human Papilloma Virus，HPV）持续感染引起了宿主基因组及表观遗传基因组的改变。表观遗传改变包括DNA甲基化水平改变、miRNA异常表达、癌基因的激活及抑癌基因沉默等。鉴于miRNA可被表观遗传机制调控，因而其在宫颈癌中的异常表达可能是启动子甲基化水平改变引起的。基于以上判断，本文对HPV感染、DNA甲基化水平改变及miRNA异常表达间的关系进行综述，以期揭示表观遗传异常与宫颈癌发生发展之间的关系。

Epigenetic alterations in cervical cancer

Abstract: Cancer is a complex disease caused by genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. The progression from precursor lesion to invasive cervical cancer is influenced by persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which induces changes in the host genome and epigenome. Epigenetic alterations include changes in DNA methylation levels, aberrant miRNA expression, activation of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor silencing. In view of some miRNA genes can be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, thus the expression changes in cervical cancer of siRNA may be caused by aberrant DNA promoter methylation. For these reasons, the relationship among HPV infection, cellular DNA methylation and miRNA expression have been reviewed, in order to reveal the relationship between the development of aberrant epigenetic and cervical cancer.