我国法官心理健康状况调查及元分析

摘要:目的　调查我国法官心理健康现状，并通过元分析了解我国法官心理健康全貌。方法　采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对226名法官进行调查，并与律师和公务员进行对比；搜集国内以SCL-90为调查工具、以法官为对象的研究报道，与本研究结果一起进行元分析。结果　被试法官心理健康状况低于全国常模水平，与公务员差异不显著，在躯体化方面低于律师；不同工作年限法官在躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑和“其他”方面存在显著差异。元分析纳入文献共6篇，涉及被试1064人，元分析结果显示，我国法官整体心理健康各方面与一般人群差异不显著；经同质性和敏感性分析，剔除一篇文献后，法官在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑和精神病性方面的状况明显低于一般人群。结论　我国法官整体心理健康状况不佳；由于纳入文献较少、异质性明显，应用此结果需谨慎。

Investigation and meta-analysis on mental health status of Chinese judges

Abstract: Objective To study the overall mental health status of Chinese judges by investigating the mental health levels of Chinese judges and doing meta-analysis. Methods Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) was used to investigate the mental health status of judges in Hebei Province, which was compared with that of lawyers or civil servants from the same area. Software Review Manager Version 5.1 was applied to do meta-analysis of studies on mental health of Chinese judges by using SCL-90, together with the results of this study. Results The judges had significant higher scores on all the nine factors of SCL-90 than the norm (P<0.05), and had significant higher score on somatization than the lawyers (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in all the nine factors compared to the civil servants (all P>0.05). Finally, six studies including 1064 participants were included. There was overall heterogeneity across these six studies (all P<0.05, I2>50%), so random-effects model was used. Meta-analysis found that the overall effect size of Chinese judges showed no significant difference in mental health level compared with the norm (all P<0.05). One paper was excluded because it caused the overall heterogeneity and sensibility. Then meta-analysis of the remaining 5 studies showed the mental health levels of Chinese judges were inferior to Chinese general levels in somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism (all P≤0.01). Conclusion The overall mental health status of Chinese judges is poor. Considering few included studies and high heterogeneity, the application of these findings should be careful.