心肌补片的制备与结构功能特点

背景：组织工程心肌补片可以通过体内移植，使种子细胞准确到达梗死心肌区域并进行再生修复，达到改善心功能的治疗效果。目的：回顾制备组织工程心肌补片的构建方法和策略，分析不同构建方法制备心肌补片的结构功能特点。方法：由第一作者检索2000至2014年Web of science核心数据库、PudMed数据库，检索主题词为“cardiac infarction；cell patch”。结果与结论：制备组织工程心肌补片的方法和策略有：叠加单层细胞片获取复层细胞结构；将胶原凝胶等材料与细胞混合形成复层结构；在支架材料上种植细胞；使细胞齐向排列等。目前关于组织工程心肌补片的研究显示，将细胞片进行体内移植后，种子细胞在心肌梗死区域停留率、存活率与旁分泌作用等，在很大程度上影响细胞片对梗死心肌的再生修复作用。现有的细胞片构建方法中以温敏法构建技术最为成熟、研究使用最为广泛，与此同时，其他构建方法也可不同程度地提高种子细胞的增殖、分化及旁分泌能力，增加细胞片的力学强度与厚度以增加移植可操作性。研究人员常结合多种方法用于制备获取生物学及力学特性良好的组织工程心肌补片。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Fabrication and functional characteristics of cardiac patches

BACKGROUND:In recent years, a lot of studies have reported the feasibility and efficacy of transplanting seed cells via tissue-engineered cardiac patches into specific infarcted myocardial area, helping regeneration of damaged heart tissue and improving heart functions.OBJECTIVE:To review the methods and strategies of fabricating tissue-engineered cardiac patches and to analyze the structure and functional characteristics of cardiac patches prepared by different methods.METHODS:The first author retrieved relevant articles about the fabrication methods of tissue engineered cardiac patches by searching PubMed and Web of science data bases. The key words were “cardiac infarction, cell death”.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fabrication methods and strategies of tissue-engineered cardiac patches are as follows: (1) obtaining multi-layer cell sheets by overlapping monolayer cell sheets; (2) combing gelatin with cells to construct multi-layer cell sheets; (3) seeding cells on scaffolds; (4) homogeneous arrangement of cells. Recent studies about tissue-engineered cardiac patches have demonstrated that the biological activities of seed cells, such as retention, survival and paracrine effects, greatly influence the effect of cardiac patches on the repair and regeneration of infarcted myocardial tissues. Temperature-sensitive method is the most mature and wide-spread used constructing technique; besides, other strategies also successfully improve the biological activities of seed cells to different extents, and they also increase the mechanical strength and thickness of cell