2012-2014年医院内真菌感染的菌种分布 及耐药性变迁研究

摘要:目的　研究2012-2014年哈励逊国际和平医院临床标本中分离出的真菌分布及耐药性变迁，给临床用药提供依据。方法　采用法国梅里埃VITEK2-Compact微生物自动鉴定药敏仪进行真菌的鉴定和药敏实验。结果　2012-2014年共分离真菌菌株295株，白色念珠菌138株（占46.8%），热带念珠菌104株（占35.3%），光滑念珠菌37株（占12.5%），克柔念珠菌13株（占4.4%），其他真菌3株（占1%）。白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌及光滑念珠菌三种主要真菌对两性霉素B和伊曲康唑的耐药率均为0%，对5-氟胞嘧啶有较低的耐药率（≤13.3%）。白色念珠菌对酮康唑、氟康唑及5-氟胞嘧啶的耐药率有逐年增加趋势。结论　白色念珠菌是我院真菌感染中最常见的病原菌，感染率逐年上升，耐药率越来越严重，今后应加强抗真菌药物的应用管理。

Distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial fungal infection, 2012-2014

Abstract: Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of the fungi isolated from the Harrison International Peace Hospital clinical specimens from 2012 to 2014, so as to provide basis for clinical application. Methods The fungi isolated were identified and tested for the antibiotics sensitivity by VITEK2-Compact automatic bacterial identification and susceptibility analyzers of French bioMérieux's company. Results 295 strains of the fungi were separated in total from 2012 to 2014. The strains of Candida albicans, Tropical candida, Smooth candida, grams of Soft candida and other fungi strains were 138 (46.8%), 104 strains (35.3%), 37 (12.5%), strains 13 (4.4%) and 3 (1%), respectively. The resistant rates of the three main fungi Candida albicans, Tropical candida and Smooth candida to amphotericin B and itraconazole were 0%, and to 5-fluorine cytosine were low (≤13.3%). The resistance rate of Candida albicans to ketoconazole, fluconazole and 5-fluorine cytosine had increased year by year. Conclusion Candida albicans is the most common pathogenic bacteria in our hospital fungal infection. There is an upward trend in fungal infections, and the resistance rate is more and more serious. The application of antifungal drug management should be strengthened in the future.