北京市海淀区食源性疾病主动监测结果分析

摘要:目的　对北京市海淀区2013年6月-2014年12月食源性疾病主动监测结果进行了分析，了解海淀区细菌性食源性疾病流行特征。方法　对2013年6月-2014年12月在两家哨点医院就诊的542例食源性疾病患者肛拭子，进行沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、五种致泻大肠埃希氏菌以及副溶血性弧菌病原学检测。结果　细菌性食源性疾病发生主要集中在5-9月，全区肠道门诊就诊病例数和哨点医院肠道门诊就诊量峰值均出现在7、8月份，2013年检出阳性率最高在8月，为52.5%，2014年检出阳性率最高在9月，为46.2%；542例采集标本患者中，食源性疾病患者主要集中在21～30岁年龄组，占总采集件数的43.2%，总采样标本中，男女性别比为0.97∶1，男女之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；共检出菌株107株，检出率为19.8%（107/542），副溶血性弧菌检出株数最多为52株，检出率为9.6%（52/542）；检出沙门氏菌以肠炎沙门氏菌为主。结论　食源性疾病发生主要集中在5-9月，7、8月为发病高峰，感染患者集中在21～30岁年龄组，主要以副溶血性弧菌和沙门氏菌感染为主。

Analysis on active surveillance of Foodborne Disease in Haidian District of Beijing

Abstract: Objective To analyze the etiology and then find out the epidemiological features of Foodborne Disease in Haidian District of Beijing from June 2013 to December 2014. Methods Totally 542 Foodborne Disease cases were collected from 2 hospitals. Salmonella, shigella, vibrio parahaemolyticus and Diarrheogenic Escherichia coli were detected by anus swab samples. Results The results of surveillance showed that the concentration of Bacterial Foodborne Disease sustained from May to September. The peak of the consultations in intestinal clinic was July and August, which was also the busiest time of the consultations in sentinel hospital. The highest positive rates were 52.5 % in August 2013 and 46.2% in September 2014. The age distribution was mainly in group of 21 to 30, accounting for 43.2% of the total quantity of collecting. In all cases, the male to female ratio was 0.97:1, and the collecting rates between them showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The overall positive rate was 19.8% (107/542), among which the positive rate of vibrio parahaemolyticus was 9.6% (52/542) that was the main pathogen of Bacterial Foodborne Disease. Moreover, Salmonella serotypes mainly included Salmonella Enteritidis. Conclusion The peak of Foodborne Disease was from May to September. The incidence of Foodborne Disease was concentrated in groups of 21 to 30 years old. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella were the major enteroviruses causing Foodborne Disease.