广州市某两区居民社会支持状况对高危性行为影响分析

摘要:目的　了解广州市某两区居民高危性行为的现状，并探讨社会支持对该人群高危性行为的影响。方法　采用横断面调查的方法，在广州市越秀区和天河区采用基于人群概率的空间抽样方法随机抽取调查地点，每个调查地点在居民楼内随机选取1名18～59岁的居民进行问卷调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、生理和心理健康状况、健康行为及高危性行为，并采用《社会支持评定量表》评估其社会支持状况。结果　采用空间随机抽样抽取调查地点1215个，实际参与调查调查765人，应答率为62.96%。调查人群自报的多性伴和非保护性行为发生率为18.25%和52.51%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，社会支持中的主观支持（OR＝0.901，95%CI:0.847～0.958）是降低多性伴行为发生的保护因素，而对支持利用度（OR＝0.844，95%CI:0.740～0.962）是减少非保护性行为的保护因素。研究结果显示年龄、性别、婚姻状况及酒精滥用情况同样影响该人群高危性行为的发生。结论　在高危人群比例较高的地区，应重视高危性行为等健康行为方面的教育和指导，尤其年龄较大、女性及酒精滥用人群，改善其社会支持状况，以降低高危性行为的发生，进而有利于性传播疾病的预防控制。

Analysis on the impact of social support for risky sexual behavior among residents in Guangzhou

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to understand the status of risky sexual behavior in Guangzhou, in order to explore the influence of social support on sexual risk behavior. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among residents selected by population-based probability sampling from 18 to 59 years old, lived in Yuexiu and Tianhe district (1215 coordinates). A questionnaire was conducted in every coordinate. Surveys included demographic characteristics, physical and mental health, healthy behavior and risky sexual behavior. Social support rating scale was applied to assess the residents' social support. Results A total of 765 residents finished the survey with a response rate of 62.96%. Having multiple sexual partners and unprotected sexual behavior were the main risky sexual behavior in the study population. The reported rates of having multiple sexual partners and unprotected sexual behavior were 18.25% and 52.51%, respectively. Subjective support (OR=0.901, 95% CI: 0.847～0.958) was a protective factor for avoiding multiple sexual partners. And utilization of support (OR=0.844, 95% CI: 0.740～0.962) was a protective factor for unprotected sexual behavior, after controlling the impact of other covariates. In addition, our findings highlighted that age, gender, marital status and alcohol dependence were the influencing factors of risky sexual behavior. Conclusion It's necessary to enhance healthy education and guidance on risky sexual behavior among the population in developed districts where the proportion of high-risk groups (eg. FSW or MSM) were high, especially among females, the older or the high-risky alcohol dependent adults. Meanwhile, increasing social support among these kinds of crowds was crucial to decrease risky sexual behavior and probably conducive to prevent and control sexually transmitted disease.