2011-2013年天津市售蔬菜农药残留状况监测分析

摘要:目的　了解2011-2013年天津市市售蔬菜中农药残留状况，为保障食品安全、加强监管提供科学依据。方法　2011-2013年随机采集市售蔬菜859份，按照《国家食品中化学污染物及有害因素监测工作手册》检测氨基甲酸酯类农药、拟除虫菊酯类农药、有机磷类农药、有机氯类农药；依据《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量GB 2763-2012》进行判断。结果　2011-2013年共监测市售蔬菜859份，3年来监测农药种类17、23、49种，样本超标率依次为12.33%、16.67%、10.77%。其中，氨基甲酸酯类农药超标率依次为4.00%、9.00%、2.32%；拟除虫菊酯类农药超标率依次为0.00%、0.67%、3.86%；有机磷类农药超标率依次为8.33%、8.33%、8.89%；有机氯类农药超标率为0.00%。结论　有机磷农药使用最为普遍，超标情况比较复杂，氨基甲酸酯类农药和拟除虫菊酯类农药也存在一定的超标现象。

Surveillance and analysis for pesticide residues of vegetables on sale in Tianjin, 2011-2013

Abstract: Objective This study was to learn and analyze the situation of pesticide residue in vegetables on sale in Tianjin city from 2011 to 2013, so as to supply scientific evidence for food safety surveillance. Methods 859 vegetables samples were collected randomly for the detection of carbamate pesticide, parathyroid, organic phosphorus agricultural chemicals and organic chlorine pesticides following The National Food Safety Surveillance Manual. Food Safety National Standard of Pesticides Residue GB 2763-2012 was used for the judging criteria. Results A total of 859 vegetable samples collected from 2011 to 2013 were surveyed. In the three years, the number of pesticides inspected were 17, 23, 49 for 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The overall rate of failure were 12.33%, 16.67%, 10.77%, respectively. For the three years, the failure rate was 4.00%, 9.00%, 2.32% for carbamate pesticide, 0.00%, 0.67%, 3.86% for parathyroid, 8.33%, 8.33%, 8.89% for organic phosphorus agricultural chemicals, and 0.00% for organic chlorine pesticides. Conclusion The most commonly used pesticide is organic phosphorus agricultural chemicals, which had ahigh failure rate each year. The level of carbamate pesticide and parathyroid residues also exceeded the limits.