西安市农村居民健康素养干预效果分析

摘要:目的　比较西安市农村居民健康素养干预前后的变化，评价干预措施效果，为制定合理的健康教育方式提供依据。方法　采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，抽取西安市800名15～69岁的农村常住居民，分别于干预前后进行问卷调查。结果　西安市农村居民健康素养具备率由3.08%提高到16.33%，基本知识和理念、健康生活方式和行为、基本技能素养具备率分别由15.29%、2.47%和10.36%提高到33.42%、15.20%和32.41%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；居民健康知识知晓率、健康行为形成率和健康技能掌握率分别由61.20%、54.60%和49.30%提高到69.00%、63.60%和63.4%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论　多形式、有针对性的干预措施对于提高居民健康素养水平效果显著，应不断加强健康素养干预方式的深入研究，促进居民健康素养的进一步提高。

Analysis of the intervening effect of health literacy on rural residents in Xi'an City

Abstract: Objective The study compared the change in health literacy before and after an intervention among rural residents in Xi'an City and evaluated the intervening effect, aiming to provide a reference for developing rational forms of health education. Methods 800 rural residents aged between 15 and 69 in Xi'an City were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling and were asked to fill out questionnaires before and after the intervention. Results The overall level of health literacy among the rural residents rose from 3.08% to 16.33%. The overall levels of basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behavior, and basic skills rose from 15.29%, 2.47%, and 10.36% to 33.42%, 15.20%, and 32.41%, respectively; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The rates of awareness on health knowledge, formation of health behavior, and adaptation of healthy skills among the rural residents rose from 61.20%, 54.60%, and 49.30% to 69.00%, 63.60%, and 63.40%, respectively; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Multi-format and targeted intervening measures show significant effects on improving health literacy of the residents. In-depth studies on effective intervening measures for improving health literacy should be emphasized to promote further enhancement of health literacy levels among the residents.