2008-2013年广西崇左市手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析

摘要:目的　分析广西崇左市手足口病的流行病学及病原学特征，为当地手足口病防治策略的制定提供依据。方法　通过《国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统》收集崇左各县（市、区）2008-2013年报告手足口病病例疫情报告，采用Excel进行统计及分析。结果　崇左市6年累计报告手足口病病例3672例，重症病例186例，死亡病例15例。年均人群发病率为272.21/10万，其中以江州区和天等县的病例数较多，分别占总病例数的24.65%和21.42%，病死率0.04%，发病高峰为4-6月，病例以3岁以下及散居儿童为主，分别占总病例数的87.25%和84.54%，死亡病例中散居儿童占14例。6年间崇左市手足口病发病呈升高趋势，2012和2013年病例数较高。2010-2013年病原学检测显示，其他肠道病毒、CoxA16和EV71病毒交替成为优势病原体，EV71感染可引起较多的重症和死亡。结论　崇左市手足口病呈现隔年严重流行的模式，发病高峰为4-6月，病例以3岁以下及散居儿童为主；其他肠道病毒、CoxA16和EV71交替流行，EV71感染引起较多的重症和死亡。

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Chongzuo, 2008-2013

Abstract: Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in Chong Zuo City of Guang xi located in the China-Vietnam boarder and provide basis for the strategy of prevention and treatment for HFMD in future. Methods The epidemic reports of HFMD from 2008 to 2013 in counties governed by Chong Zuo City were collected mainly through the "National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System". Excel software was adopted for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3672 cases of HFMD in the past 6 years in Chongzuo were reported with 186 severe cases and 15 deaths. The annual average incidence rate was 272.21/100 thousand. The prevalence rates in Jiangzhou County and Tiandeng County were 24.65% and 21.42%, respectively, both higher than the remaining. The fatality rate was 0.04%, and April-June were the peak of this case, and the children under 3 years old accounted for 87.25% of the total cases while scattered children accounted for 84.54% of the total cases and 14 cases of deaths were scattered children. 2012 and 2013 were with most cases in the past six years. The pathogen detection in 2010-2013 showed that the patients infected by enterovirus, coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) peaked alternately and annually and the years with more infectious cases were mainly dominated by EV71 with the death cases increasing correspondingly. Conclusion The HFMD in Chongzuo appears a serious epidemic pattern of double years in temporal dimension and April-June were the peak of this case, and occurred mainly in the children under 3 years old and scattered children. Enterovirus, CVA16 and EV71 peaked alternately. More infectious cases were mainly dominated by EV71 with increasing death cases.