社区慢性病老年人的健康状况及居家护理需求调查

摘要:目的　调查锦州市社区慢性病老年人的健康状况和社区居家护理需求，为开展慢性病老年人居家护理提供参考依据。方法　采用SF-36量表和自行设计的调查问卷对锦州市611位社区慢性病老年人的健康状况和居家护理需求进行调查。结果　社区慢性病老年人患病前4位的疾病依次是高血压（33.89%）、高血脂（25.53%）、风湿性关节炎（22.09%）、冠心病（19.31%）；SF-36量表总分、生理健康、心理健康随着年龄增大而降低（P＜0.05），女性SF-36量表总分、生理健康、心理健康得分均高于男性（P＜0.05）；居家护理需求需求率前4位为:老人遇紧急情况时提供上门救护服务（67.10%）、为居家老人提供合理运动的指导（65.30%）、为居家老人提供营养饮食指（65.14%）、为居家老人提供康复指导（64.32%）。结论　社区应加强老年人慢性病的管理和相关知识的宣传教育，按需求提供居家护理服务，改善老年人健康。

Investigation on the health status of community senior citizens with chronic diseases and requirements on home care service

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the health status of community senior citizens with chronic diseases and requirements on home care service, in order to provide evidence for home care service. Methods The SF-36 scale and self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate on 611 community senior citizens with chronic diseases in our study. Results Among the community senior citizens with chronic diseases, 33.89% suffered from hypertension, 25.53% suffered from high cholesterol, 22.09% suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, and 19.31% suffered from coronary heart disease, respectively. The total SF-36 scores, physical health, and mental health were lower with increasing age. The different total SF-36 scores, physical health, and mental health were different between male and female (P<0.05). The four higher rate for home care needs were providing elderly people with home care services in case of emergency (67.10%), reasonable exercise guidance (65.30%), guidance for nutrition diet (65.14%), and rehabilitation at home (64.32%). Conclusion In order to improve the health status of community senior citizens with chronic diseases, it is necessary for the community to strengthen chronic diseases management and related knowledge education according to the needs of home care services.