衡水市职工肝胆B超结果分析

摘要:目的　了解衡水市职工肝胆系统常见疾病的患病情况及其原因。方法　选择2013年在某医院体检科参加健康体检的衡水市职工24579例，对其肝胆系统B超结果进行分析。结果　（1）衡水市职工肝胆系统常见疾病排在前5位的，从高到低依次为:脂肪肝32.67%、胆囊炎8.19%、肝囊肿6.35%、胆囊息肉3.29%、胆囊结石2.43%。（2）脂肪肝、胆囊炎、肝囊肿的男女检出率分别为41.24%、21.71%；9.34%、6.71%；6.95%、5.58%，男性均明显高于女性，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；而胆囊息肉、胆囊结石男女检出率无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。（3）胆囊炎、肝囊肿、胆囊结石的检出率随年龄增长而增长（趋势χ2分别为97.896、497.040、210.748，P＜0.05），脂肪肝、胆囊息肉呈现先增高后降低的趋势（趋势χ2分别为93.423、4.199，P＜0.05）。脂肪肝以51～60岁之间检出率最高，达39.24%，60岁以上检出率反而降低；胆囊息肉41～50岁检出率最高，为4.27%。（4）国家工作人员、专业技术人员、公司职员、工人4类职业人群肝胆疾病的检出率不同，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。除肝囊肿外，国家工作人员在脂肪肝、胆囊炎、胆囊息肉、胆囊结石中的发病率较高（分别为:37.41%、10.05%、3.63%、2.26%），工人的发病率最低（分别为:29.40%、6.96%、2.90%、1.77%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论　衡水市职工肝胆系统常见的疾病存在明显的性别、年龄、职业分布特点，应重视肝胆超声检查，对发病率高的特定人群进行重点宣教，普及健康知识，预防或减少肝胆系统疾病发病率。

Analysis of Liver and Gallbladder B-Ultrasound of Workers in Hengshui

Abstract: Objective This work was to investigate the prevalence of liver and gallbladder disease in Hengshui city and the influencing factors. Methods A total of 24579 workers in Hengshui who underwent physical examinations in the Medical Examination Center of a hospital in 2013 were included as study objects. Analysis was conducted by their liver and gallbladder B-Ultrasound examination. Results (1) The top five liver and gallbladder diseases were ranked as follows: fatty liver (32.67%), cholecystitis (8.19%), liver cyst (6.35%), gallbladder polyps (3.29%), gallbladder stones (2.43%). (2) The prevalence among males was higher than females in fatty liver (41.24% vs 21.71%), cholecystitis (9.34% vs 6.71%) and liver cyst (6.95% vs 5.58%). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the prevalence of gallbladder polyps and gallbladder stone (P>0.05). (3) With increasing age, the prevalence of cholecystitis, liver cyst, gallbladder stones gradually increased (trend χ2 respectively: 97.896, 497.040, 210.748, P<0.05).The prevalence of fatty liver and gallbladder polyps was first increased and then decreased, withrespect χ2 of trend of 93.423 and 4.199, P<0.05). For fatty liver, the prevalence was the highest of up to 39.24% in the age group of 51-60, and for gallbladder polyps the highest was 4.27% in the age group of 41-50 years old. (4) The prevalence was different among national authorities, professional and technical staff, staff, workers (P<0.05). Except for liver cyst, the prevalence of fatty liver, cholecystitis, gallbladder polyps and gallbladder stones among the national authorities were 37.41%, 10.05%, 3.63%, 2.26%, respectively, which was higher than in other groups. Their prevalence in workers were 29.40%, 6.96%, 2.90% and 1.77%, respectively, which were the lowest. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalenceof liver and gallbladder diseases varied with gender, age, and occupation in Hengshui city. We should strengthen liver and gallbladder B-Ultrasound. The prevalence of liver and gallbladder diseases can be reduced by health education to the high-risk groups.