服刑人员未成年子女心理健康状况和自尊程度的关系研究

摘要:目的　探讨服刑人员未成年子女心理健康状况和自尊之间的关系，为今后服刑人员未成年子女的心理健康保健工作提供依据。方法　采用心理健康诊断量表和自尊量表对130名服刑人员未成年子女的心理健康状况和自尊程度进行测量。结果　（1）不同性别的未成年子女在心理健康状况和自尊得分上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；（2）不同年龄的未成年子女在心理健康状况和自尊得分上差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；（3）不同服刑时间的服刑人员未成年子女在心理健康状况差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），在自尊得分上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；（4）不同服刑情况的服刑人员未成年子女在心理健康状况上差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），在自尊得分上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；（5）服刑人员未成年子女的自尊程度和学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、身体症状、自责倾向、过敏倾向、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向及心理健康状况均呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。结论　（1）服刑人员未成年子女心理健康状况受父母服刑时间、服刑情况及年龄的影响。（2）服刑人员未成年子女的年龄越大，其自尊水平越低。（3）服刑人员未成年子女心理健康状况越好，自尊水平越高。

Relationship between the mental health and the self-esteem of the prisoner's minor-children

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the level of the mental health and the self-esteem of the prisoner's minor-children, and provide basis mental health care work for their minor-children. Methods We used Mental Health Test (MHT) and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) to inquire 130 prisoner's minor-children. Results (1) There was no significant differences in different genders of the prisoner's minor-children on the mental health (t=-1.91, P>0.05), the self-esteem (t=1.83, P>0.05). (2) Different grades of the prisoner's minor-children existed significant differences in the mental health (t1=-7.29, P<0.01) and self-esteem (t2=3.16, P>0.05). (3) There was significant differences in different jail time of the prisoner's minor-children on the mental health (t1=-2.82, P>0.05), but it did not show on self-esteem (t2=0.54, P>0.05). (4) There was significant differences in different situations of the prisoner's minor-children on the mental health (t1=-2.37, P<0.05), but it did not show on self-esteem (t2=1.51, P>0.05) (5) There were significant positive correlations on the self-esteem of the prisoner's minor-children in the learning anxiety (r=-0.49), the anxiety on human (r=-0.41), lonely tendency (r=-0.25), physical symptoms (r=-0.44), self-accusation tendency (r=-0.51), allergy-prone (r=-0.28), terror tendency (r=-0.51), impulse attitude (r=-0.30), the total score (r=-0.58). Conclusion (1) The mental health was influenced by parent's jail time, jail case and age. (2) The higher minor-children age, the lower level of their self-esteem. Self-esteem was influenced by grade, self-esteem decline with age. (3) A better psychological health the minor-children have, the higher self-esteem level they have.