低浓度苯暴露对大鼠神经行为的影响

摘要:目的　研究低浓度气态苯吸入对大鼠学习记忆等神经行为的影响，并探讨低浓度苯吸入对大鼠血象的改变。方法　SD雄性大鼠随机分4组，每组10只，低、中、高剂量组苯染毒浓度分别为4 mg/m3、6 mg/m3和10 mg/m3，对照组吸入空气。采用静式吸入染毒法，4 h/d，5 d/w，持续染毒4 w，染毒结束后进行学习记忆等神经行为学测试、血象、嗜多染红细胞微核实验。结果　Morris水迷宫定位航行实验，高剂量组大鼠d 3、d 4的逃避潜伏期明显高于对照组（P＜0.05），空间探索实验的目标象限时间明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。高剂量组大鼠的后肢撑力指数明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。低、中、高剂量组白细胞计数明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论　低剂量、短时间暴露苯可损害大鼠学习记忆及运动功能，引起外周血白细胞计数降低。

Neurobehavior in rats exposed to benzene of low concentration

Abstract: Objective To study the low concentrations of gaseous benzene inhalation effects on learning, memory, neural behaviors and the change of hemogram in rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 4, 6 and 10mg/m3 of benzene 4 hours per day in static inhalation cabin for 28 days. Neurobehavioral experiments and hemogram were measured. Results Compared with the control group, the escape latency of rats in the place navigation test in the 3rd and the 4th in the high dose group increased. The target quadrant time in the spatial probe test markedly shortened. The differences were significant (P<0.05). The index of hind leg supporting force of rats in the high dose group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). With increasing of the dose, the number of WBC reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion Exposure to low-dose benzene in short time might damage the learning, memory, motor function and reduce the number of WBC.