韶关地区无偿献血者血液传染性病原体 标志物检测阳性调查

摘要:目的　了解韶关地区无偿献血者血液传染性标志物检测阳性状况，为今后献血者的招募方式和策略提供科学依据。方法　收集2009-2013年韶关地区无偿献血者资料及血液检测HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV和抗-TP结果，按献血者性别、年龄、学历、职业、血型、婚否、献血次数和献血区域等项目分析。结果　献血共148976人份中，总阳性3347人份，（占2.25%），男性（占2.32%），女性（占2.09%），阳性差异有统计学意义（χ2＝27.17，P＜0.05）。年龄段以46～55岁阳性率最高，为2.61%，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝52.17，P＜0.05），以梅毒阳性（1.15%）最高。职业以军人、医务人员、学生及公务员等群体阳性较低（平均1.31%），农民阳性率最高（3.73%），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝184.31，P＜0.05）。学历与阳性关系本科（及以上）阳性最低（1.29%），小学文化阳性最高（4.67%），说明学历与阳性率有明显差异。血型与阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝1.33，P＞0.05）。已婚与未婚阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝2.86，P＞0.05）。献血次数与阳性关系笫1次献血阳性率4.32%，笫2次献血阳性率1.77%，献血≥3次阳性率0.86%，说明献血次数与阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2＝298.88，P＜0.05）。抗-HIV初筛阳性202人份，经市疾控中心确认HIV阳性22例，确认阳性率1.48/万。结论　根据当地实际情况规范做好无偿献血宣传工作，尽量做到有高危行为的人在采血前淘汰，从低危人群中招募献血者，建立高素质和固定献血队伍，是保障临床用血安全的基础。

Survey about the markers of blood infectious pathogens test positive in voluntary blood donor in Shaoguan

Abstract: Objective To study the infection status about the blood infectious pathogens in voluntary blood donor in Shaoguan, for providing scientific methods and strategies for blood donor recruitment. Methods We collected the data from Shaoguan's voluntary blood donors in 2009 to 2013, and the result of blood HBsAg detection, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and anti-TP were analyzed according to gender, age, educational background, profession, blood type, marital status and the number of blood donation, etc. Results In the 148976 blood donors, there are 3347 people positive, accounting for 2.25% of the total number of blood donors. The positive rate of men (2.32%) and women (2.09%) have difference (χ2=27.7, P<0.05). Age group have difference (χ2=52.17, P<0.05), and the age group of 46-55 years old were the highest (2.61%).The positive syphilis accounted for 1.15%, the most obvious. About career, the positive rate of soldiers, medical staff, students, and civil servants group is low, farmers were the highest (3.73%). The positive rate (1.29%) of bachelor degree (or above) was lowest, and the primary school level positive rate (4.67%) was the highest, so degree has significant difference with positive rate (χ2=125.82, P<0.05). The positive rate of infection markers between A, B, O blood group has no significant difference (χ2=1.33, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between married and unmarried infection markers (χ2=4.86, P>0.05). The positive rate of the first time blood donation was 4.32%, the positive rate of the twice blood donation was 1.77%, and the positive rate of 3 times or more was 0.86%, so the positive rate of blood donation amount have significant difference (χ2=298.88, P<0.05). There were 202 people that anti-HIV screening unqualified, and 22 cases were confirmed by the municipal CDC HIV positive, so confirmed positive rate was 0.148%0. Conclusion The propaganda work of blood donation should be done according to the local actual situation of scientific and normative, as far as possible pick out the people who with high-risk behavior before blood collection. From low risk population recruit donors, and the establishment of a high-quality fixed blood donation team, can effectively protect the safety of blood for clinical use.