2010-2014年新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV 感染情况分析

摘要:目的　了解新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV感染情况，为制定无偿献血招募、检测方案提供科学依据。方法　对2010-2014年新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV初筛及确认试验结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果　2010-2014年新乡地区无偿献血者抗-HIV初筛阳性率为0.11%，确认阳性率0.009%，年度间HIV感染率呈逐年上升趋势（χ2＝11.77，P＜0.05）。在已确认的23份标本中，男性20例，女性3例，年龄以19～40岁的青壮年为主，均为性传播，4例为男男同性传播。23例确证阳性者均为抗HIV-1型感染，HIV-1抗体特异带型gp160、gp120、gp41、p66、p24、p17均100%出现；其次是p51和p31，出现率均约为95.65%（22/23）；单带p55出现率最低，为43.5%（10/23）。结论　新乡地区无偿献血者HIV感染率近2年显著升高，为了保证临床输血安全，我们应加强无偿献血、用血和艾滋病防治相关知识及保密性弃血工作的宣传，有针对性地制定无偿献血招募、检测方案，尽早实施核酸检测，降低输血残余风险，最大限度地确保血液安全。

Analysis of the status of anti-HIV infection in voluntary blood donors in Xinxiang, 2010-2014

Abstract: Objective To understand the status of anti-HIV infection in the voluntary blood donors, and provide scientific basis for developing programs of recruitment of voluntary blood donors and blood testing. Methods Retrospective statistical analyses were conducted on the anti-HIV screening and confirm experimental results of voluntary blood donors in Xinxiang between 2010 and 2014. Results The anti-HIV screening positive rate was 0.011% and the confirmed positive rate was 0.009% in Xinxiang between 2010 and 2014, which showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2014 (χ2=11.77, P<0.05). Among the confirmed 23 cases infected with HIV-1 consisted of 20 males and 3 females. Their ages focused on 19-40 years. The reason of infection was due to sexual transmission, including 4 cases of homosexual transmission. The rate of anti-HIV-1 specific proteins belts were gp160: 100% (23/23), gp120: 100% (23/23), gp41: 100% (23/23), p66: 100% (23/23), p24: 100% (23/23), p17: 100% (23/23), p51: 95.65% (22/23), p31: 95.65% (22/23) and p55: 43.5% (10/23), respectively. Conclusion The HIV infection rates of voluntary blood donors showed an upward trend in Xinxiang in recent two years. To ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion, we should strengthen publicity about the donation of blood, the use of blood, related knowledge of HIV/AIDs and confidentiality of disposable blood. Furthermore, we should pointedly develop the programs of recruitment of voluntary blood donors and blood testing and early take nucleic acid amplification testing in order to reduce blood transfusion residual risk.