612例儿童过敏性疾病血清特异性IgE抗体检测分析

摘要:目的　了解郑州市及其周边地区儿童过敏性疾病血清过敏原及其分布状况。方法　采用免疫印迹法检测2014年1月-2014年12月间就诊于医院的612例过敏性疾病儿童血清过敏原，并对结果进行回顾性分析。结果　612例过敏性疾病患儿中，过敏原特异性IgE阳性者363例，阳性率为59.31%。其中吸入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性者214例，阳性率为34.97%，食物性过敏原特异性IgE 阳238例，阳性率为38.89%。特异性IgE阳性者中，吸入组最常见过敏原为蟑螂（142 例，占23.20%），食物组最常见过敏原为鸡蛋白（108例，17.65%）。特异性IgE检测阳性率最高者为过敏性鼻炎，其次为支气管哮喘。结论　吸入性过敏原和食物性过敏原均是引起郑州市及周边地区儿童过敏性疾病的重要原因，血清过敏原测定有利于了解患者的过敏状态，协助过敏性疾病的诊断。

Detection and analysis of serum specific IgE antibody in 612 children with allergic diseases

Abstract: Objective The study aimed to assess serum allergens and their distributions in children with allergic diseases in the Zhengzhou area. Methods Serum allergens in 612 children with allergic diseases hospitalized at our hospital between January and November of 2014 were detected by using western blotting, and the results were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 612 children with allergic diseases, 363 cases were tested positive of allergen-specific IgE, with a positive rate of 59.31%. 214 cases (34.97%) were tested positive of inhalant allergen-specific IgE, with the most common inhalant allergen being cockroaches (142 cases, 23.2%). 238 cases (38.89%) were tested positive of food allergen-specific IgE, with the most common food allergen being egg whites (108 cases, 17.65%). The positive rate of allergen-specific IgE was highest in children with allergic rhinitis, followed by bronchial asthma. Conclusion Inhalant and food allergens are both important causes of allergic diseases in children in the Zhengzhou area. The detection of serum allergen is helpful for determining the status of allergy and assisting the diagnosis of allergic diseases.