基于泰尔指数和集中指数的我国妇幼保健资源配置公平性评价

摘要:目的　分析评价我国妇幼保健资源分布情况及其公平性。方法　主要利用集中指数、集中曲线和泰尔指数进行测算。结果　妇幼保健机构数、妇幼保健机构床位数、妇幼保健机构卫生技术人员数的集中指数CI分别为:-0.108 0、0.118 8、0.172 4，表明我国妇幼保健资源的配置向经济水平较高的地区倾斜较为明显，地区之间妇幼保健资源配置不公平。泰尔指数显示，我国妇幼保健资源地区间仍存在配置差距。各地区内部配置不公平性较为严重，是影响我国妇幼保健资源配置公平性的主要因素。结论　妇幼保健资源配置不合理，妇幼保健资源中机构数、床位数的公平性优于卫生技术人员数的公平性；妇幼保健资源配置地区间较为公平，优化妇幼保健资源配置应重点关注地区内部的不公平，尤其是东部地区；妇幼保健资源配置城乡差异显著，农村地区优于城市地区。

Evaluation on equity of maternal and child health care resources allocation in China based on Theil Index and Concentration Index

Abstract: Objective The study aimed to analyze and evaluate allocation equity of maternal and child health care resources in China. Methods The main calculation methods were concentration index, concentration curve and Theil index. Results The concentration index of maternal and child health care institutions, maternal and child health care beds, maternal and child health institutions health workers in China were -0.108 0, 0.118 8 and 0.172 4, respectively. That showed that China's maternal and child health care resources inclined to area with a higher economic level, and the distribution of maternal and child health care resources among regions was unreasonable. Theil index showed the gaps of Maternal and child health care resources among different areas still existed in China. The internal inequity among different areas is severe, which is the main factor influencing the equity of maternal and child health care resource allocation. Conclusion Maternal and child health care resource allocation is unreasonable, the equity of maternal and child health care institutions and beds is better than that of health workers. To improve the equity of maternal and child health care resources allocation, more attention should be paid to the resource distribution among different regions, especially in the eastern parts. The difference of maternal and child health care resource allocation between urban and rural areas was striking, with more resource allocated to urban area.