2003-2013年北京市房山区度育龄妇女死亡状况分析

摘要:目的　了解北京市房山区育龄妇女的死亡情况，分析其主要死亡原因，为有针对性地提出相应的干预和防治措施提供依据。方法　对房山区2003-2013年15～49岁户籍人口育龄妇女死亡资料进行流行病学分析，分析死亡率的变化趋势和主要死亡原因。结果　房山区2003-2013年育龄妇女平均死亡率为65.64/10万，标化死亡率为63.20/10万，死亡率随年龄增长逐渐增加。育龄妇女以肿瘤、意外伤害、心脏病和脑血管疾病为主要死亡原因，占总死亡数的80.93%。不同年龄段死亡率情况:15～29岁组和35～39岁组首位死因为意外伤害；30～34和40～44岁组首位死因为肿瘤；45～49岁组首位死因为心脑血管病。结论　针对30岁以下的小年龄组，预防意外伤害是主要干预措施，尤其是对交通事故、自杀和煤气中毒等意外进行干预。对30岁以上的大年龄组妇女，预防控制肿瘤和心脑血管病等慢性病成为降低该年龄组死亡率的主要措施。

Analysis on the annual death situation of women at childbearing age in Fangshan district from 2003 to 2013

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the death situation of women at childbearing age in Fangshan district of Beijing, analyze the main causes of the death and put forward the appropriate intervention and prevention measures to reduce the mortality rate. Methods In Fangshan district from 2003 to 2013, for household population from 15 to 49 years old, mortality data of women at childbearing age was collected for epidemiological analysis. Analysis of trends in mortality and the main causes of death were performed. Results In Fangshan district from 2003 to 2013, the average mortality rate for women at childbearing age was 65.64/100, 000. The standardized mortality rate was 63.20/10 million. With the growth of age, the rate of death increased. The main causes of death for women at childbearing age were mainly tumors, injuries, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, accounting 80.93% of the total number of deaths. For the death rate of different ages, accidental injury was the leading cause of death for the 15 to 29 age group and 35 to 39 age group. The 30 to 34 and 40 to 44 age group died mostly because of the tumor. The 45 to 49 age group mostly died from cardiovascular originated disease. With the growth of age, injuries showed a downward trend, while cancer and cardiovascular disease were on the rise. Conclusion For the group of 30-year-old age and below, we should intervene the injuries form traffic accidents, suicide and accidents such as gas poisoning. For the group of 30-year-old and above, we should prevent and control cancer and cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases as a major measure to reduce mortality in this age group.