浙江省台州市区中央空调冷却水军团菌污染调查分析

目的：初步了解台州市区中央空调冷却塔水中军团菌污染状况和血清型别,为制定控制措施提供依据。方法：采集台州市区25家公共场所集中式中央空调冷却塔水30份,经酸处理,以GVPC、BCYE、血平板进行菌落筛选,并应用生化反应、PCR鉴定,最后进行血清学分型。结果：30份冷却塔水军团菌检出率达56.67%（17/30）,其中酒店、办公楼、医院、商场的阳性率分别为68.75%、50.00%、42.86%、33.33%。17份水样中分离到25株军团菌,嗜肺军团菌占80.00%（20/25）,博杰曼军团菌占20.00%（5/25）,血清型别多样化,但以LP1为主,同一份水样同时检出2个或3个型别的占总检出水样的41.18%（7/17）。结论：台州市区公共场所中央空调冷却水中军团菌污染严重,血清型别多样化,对人群健康构成潜在威胁。

Investigation and analysis of Legionella in water of air conditioner in Taizhou

Objective:To learn the pollute status and its serum type of Legionella pneumophila in water of central air conditioners located in public places of Taizhou and provide evidence for its control.Methods:Water from 30 central air conditioners was collected from 25 public places of Taizhou Downtown area.The samples were processed through acid treatment firstly,then cultivated by BCYE,GVPC media.They were identified by biochemistry reaction,PCR,blood media and serum typing.Results:The positive detective rate of 30 samples was 56.67%(17/30).The positive detective rate of Hotel,office building,hospital and marketplaces was 8.75%,50.00%,42.86%,33.33%,respectively.Twenty-five strains of Legionella were separated from 17 samples,including Legionella pneumophila 80%(20/25),berjman 20.00%(5/25).The serum type displayed a diversification,Lp1 dominated and 2 or 3 serum types can be detected in the same sample.Conclusion:The pollute status of Legionella in water of central air conditioners located in public places is grave and its serum type displays a diversification.It threatens the pubic health and population health.