逆针灸足三里穴对士兵高强度军事训练疲劳恢复的影响

目的]观察不同针灸预刺激足三里穴对高强度军训士兵训练疲劳状况的影响。方法]将90名男性士兵随机分为训练对照组、穴位电疗组和穴位艾灸组，每组30名。高强度军事训练前2周各干预组士兵开始采用穴位电疗（电疗参数为连续波，频率2Hz，强度20 mA，时间30 min，1/d）或穴位艾灸（艾条温和灸，时间30 min，1/d）的干预方法刺激足三里穴，连续2周。分别于干预前、训练后1d、5d采用主观体力感觉表（Ratings of Perceived Exertion，RPE）、多维疲劳量表（Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory，MFI）对士兵主观疲劳状况进行评估。结果]在训练后1d、5d各干预组5km跑成绩显著优于训练对照组及干预前（P〈0.01）。与干预前相比，训练后1d、5d各组军训士兵RPE、综合性疲劳（General Fatigue）、体力疲劳（Physical Fatigue）、脑力疲劳（Mental Fatigue）、动力下降（Reduced Motivation）、活动减少（Reduced Activity）等评分值均呈上升趋势（P＜0.05或0.01）；与训练对照组相比，于训练1d时，不同穴位干预组的RPE（P〈0.05或P＜0.01）、脑力疲劳（穴位电疗组，P〈0.05）、活动减少（不同穴位干预组，P〈0.01）、综合性疲劳（不同穴位干预组，P〈0.01）值均较低；于训练5d时，除穴位艾灸组体力疲劳的评分值外，不同穴位干预组MFI的五项评分值均较低（P＜0.01），其中穴位电疗组的RPE、综合性疲劳评分值最低（P〈0.05）。结论]军训前期予足三里穴进行经皮穴位电刺激或艾灸的干预均能提高机体的运动能力，并有利于士兵高强度军事训练疲劳恢复，其中经皮穴位电刺激效果较佳。

Effect of Exercise-induced Fatigue and Recovery with Preventive of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at "Zusanli"(ST-36) Point on Intensive Military Training Men

Objective] To observe the effect of difference pre-stimulation with acupuncture-moxibustion at Zusanli（st.36） point on exercise-induced fatigue and recovery of intensive military training men. Methods] A total of 90 military men were randomly assigned into training control group, acupoint electrotherapy group and acupoint moxibustion group with 30 in each group. Intensive military training 2 weeks ago al military men in treatment groups were stimulated Zusanli（st.36） by electrotherapy（continuous waves, 2 Hz, 20mA, 30 min, 1/d） or moxibustion（mild moxibustion, 30 min, 1/d） respectively for 2 weeks. The subjective fatigue of men was evaluated by ratings of perceived Exertion（RPE）and multidimensional fatigue inventory（MFI） before and 1,5 days after intensive military training respectively. Results] At 1d or 5d after training the 5-km time of each treatment group was significantly superior to that of training control group（P〈0.01）. Compared with the before treatment the scores of RPE, general fatigue, physical fatigue, mental fatigue, reduced motivation and reduced activity in al groups 1,5 days after intensive military training were significantly higher（ P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Compared with the training control group at 1d after training the scores of RPE（in each treatment group, P〈0.05 or 0.01）, mental fatigue（in acupoint electrotherapy group, P〈0.05）, reduced activity（in each treatment group, P〈0.01） and general fatigue（in each treatment group, P〈0.01） was significantly lower, at 5d after training the scores of MFI in each treatment group was significantly lower（ P〈0.01） except for the physical fatigue in acupoint moxibustion group, and the scores of RPE and general fatigue in acupoint electrotherapy group were significantly lower（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion] Intensive military training ago stimulated Zusanli（st.36） by electrotherapy or moxibustion can improve the motor function and accelerate recovery from exercise-induced fatigue with intensive mi