失效模式与效应分析在髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成预防中的应用

目的:探讨失效模式和效应分析(FMEA)在预防髋关节置换(THA)术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)中的应用效果。方法:将2010年1～12月在我院行THA的96例患者随机分为对照组和观察组各48例,对照组按骨科常规护理方法进行护理,观察组在此基础上应用FMEA预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成。结果:实施FMEA后6个高危因子的RPN值显著低于实施前(P<0.01);两组患者对预防下肢DVT相关知识的掌握程度、住院时间、满意度比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);观察组住院期间未发生下肢DVT,对照组发生3例下肢DVT。结论:应用FMEA预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成,能够准确的把握相应流程中的重点工作,防范于未然,提高护理质量。

Application of failure mode and effect analysis in the prevention of DVT of lower extremities after hip replacement

Objective:To investigate the application effect of failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA) in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) of lower extremities after hip replacement.Methods:96 patients who underwent hip replacement from Jan.to Dec.2010 in our hospital were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group(48 cases in each group).The patients received routine orthopedic nursing care in the control group;FMEA was used to prevent DVT of lower extremities in the observation group based on the routine nursing care.Results:The RPN value of 6 risk factors was significantly lower after the application of FMEA than that before the application(P<0.01);there were statistically significant differences in the comparison of patient understanding of the related knowledge of DVT prevention,length of hospital stay and patient contentment between the two groups(P<0.01,P<0.05);DVT did not occur in any patients of the observation group and occurred in 3 patients of the control group during hospitalization.Conclusion:Application of FMEA can help nursing staff grasp the key points of corresponding process accurately and improve the quality of nursing care effectively in the prevention of DVT of lower extremities after hip replacement.