基于德尔菲法和层次分析法的医学生腰椎穿刺教学评价指标体系构建

目的 构建医学生腰椎穿刺教学评价指标体系,旨在创建涵盖理论知识、技能实践、职业素养的科学考核评价方法,用以全面评估医学生腰椎穿刺术教学效果,从而更有效地提升医学生的临床技能实践能力。方法 通过文献回顾、小组讨论等初步拟定医学生腰椎穿刺教学评价指标方案,邀请临床一线工作和医学相关20名专家,应用德尔菲专家函询对方案进行修订,并应用层次分析法量化条目,确立最终各级指标权重。结果 本研究两轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%。在未更换专家的情况下进行第二轮函询,权威系数为0.88。肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.136和0.184。经过两轮专家函询,最终初步构建了包括3个一级指标（理论知识、临床综合能力、职业素养）、7个二级指标及22个三级指标的医学生腰椎穿刺教学评价指标体系。结论 本研究构建的医学生腰椎穿刺教学评价指标体系科学、可信,能为医学生培养及考核提供量化依据,具有理论及实践意义。

Preliminary construction of evaluation index system of lumbar puncture teaching for medical students based on Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process

Objective To construct the evaluation index system of lumbar puncture teaching for medical students, aiming to create a scientific assessment and evaluation method covering theoretical knowledge, skill practice, and professional accomplishment, so as to comprehensively evaluate the teaching effect of lumbar puncture for medical students, and improve the practical ability of clinical skills of medical students more effectively.Methods The evaluation index scheme of lumbar puncture teaching for medical students was initially formulated through literature review and group discussion, and 20 experts related to clinical front-line work and medicine were invited to revise the scheme by applying Delphi expert consultation and applying analytic hierarchy process to quantify the entries and establish the final index weights at all levels.Results The valid recovery rate of both rounds of expert consultation questionnaires in this study was 100%. The second round of expert consultation was conducted without changing experts, with an authority factor of 0.88. Kendall''s coefficient of harmony was 0.136 and 0.184, respectively. After two rounds of expert consultation, the evaluation index system of lumbar puncture teaching for medical students, including 3 primary indicators (theoretical knowledge, comprehensive clinical ability and professionalism), 7 secondary indicators and 22 tertiary indicators, was initially constructed.Conclusion The evaluation index system of lumbar puncture teaching for medical students constructed in this study is scientific and credible, which can provide quantitative basis for the training and assessment of medical students, and is of great theoretical and practical significance.