5.12汶川地震灾后酒依赖流行病学调查研究

目的:了解5.12汶川地震灾后酒依赖的患病率及其相关因素,为灾后心理康复提供科学依据。方法:整群抽样,在具有代表性的极重灾区都江堰、北川、青川三地,以自编一般情况调查表及一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)为筛选工具,以SCID-I/P定式检查问卷为调查诊断工具,依据DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准,对成年地震亲历人群(≥15a)进行调查,并通过单因素和多因素的分析方法,计算这些因素对灾后酒依赖的作用强度。结果:共纳入14208例调查对象,总酒依赖时点患病率为0.80%,比1993年调查结果(0.68‰)高11.76倍。相关因素有男性、年龄较大者、受教育年限较少者、婚姻不稳定者、震中丧失亲人、震前居住地在城镇的、亲眼看到他人死亡者等。结论:酒依赖是震后主要的精神疾病之一,大量饮酒者及酒依赖患者是灾后精神卫生防治的重点人群。

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE AFTER 5.12 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

Objective:To understand the prevalence rate of alcohol dependence and its related factors,and provide scientific data for psychosocial rehabilitation after 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake. Methods:Cluster sampling,three most representative and hardest hit areas Dujiangyan,Beichuan and Qingchuan,a general situation questionnaire and general health questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12) for the screening tool were adopted or selected. The investigation diagnostic tools were SCID-I / P setting check questionnaire and DSM-IV. Survey objects were earthquake survivors who were over 15 years old. The factors that influenced alcohol dependence were calculated with single-factor and multi-factor approach. Results:14 208 cases of investigation were eligible in this study. The prevalence rate of total alcohol dependence was 0.80% which was 11.76 times higher than the survey results in 1993. Related factors were men,elder persons,low education level,marital instability,the epicenter loss of loved ones,residence in the town before the earthquake and seen some people dead. Conclusion:Alcohol dependence is a major post-earthquake mental illness and heavy drinkers and people with alcohol dependence are the main population for post-disaster mental health prevention and treatment.