慢性病儿童心理行为特征及影响因素探讨

【目的】探讨慢性病儿童的心理行为特点及相关因素。【方法】采用少儿艾森克个性问卷(Eysen-ckPersonalityQuestionnaire,EPQ)和Achenbach儿童行为筛查量表(AchenbachChildBehaviorChecklist,CBCL,),对研究儿童进行测试和比较,并收集患儿个人及父母健康状况等信息,进行多元逐步回归分析。【结果】除12~16岁组男童外,慢性病组中其他年龄组儿童CBCL总分和内向性行为得分均显著高于正常对照组;慢性病6~11岁组中男童在抑郁、交往不良、多动和攻击性因子得分和女童在抑郁、社交退缩、体诉、性问题和攻击性因子得分显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05);12~16岁女童组在焦虑强迫、体诉、抑郁退缩、不成熟和残忍因子得分显著高于对照组。多元线性回归分析后得出:影响慢性病儿童CBCL总分的因素由强到弱为年平均住院天数、父母心理状况、疾病稳定情况、父母亲健康状况以及患儿课外活动和体育活动影响程度。【结论】慢性病儿童有更多的心理行为问题,在治疗躯体疾病的同时,对慢性病息儿及家庭进行社会心理干预非常必要。

Emotional and behavioral problems of children with chronic illness and correlated factors

Objective] To study the emotional and behavioral problems of children with chronic illnesses and their correlated factors. Methods] Applying Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL), 72 cases of children with chronic illnesses designed as the chronic illness group and 59 normal children as the control group were checked. The children's personal and family information were collected. The multiple stepwise regressive analysis was carried , regarded the CBCL total score as dependent variable. Results] Except the 12 to 16 years old male, the total and internalizing behavioral problems scores of chronic illness group were significantly higher than those of the control group. 6 to 11 years old male had the higher levels in depression, social problem, hyperactivity and aggression than those of the normal children; 6 to 11 years old female in depression, withdraw, somatic complain, sexual problems and aggression; 12 to 16 years old female in anxiety/obsession, somatic complain, depressed/withdraw, immaturity,cruelty and externalizing behavioral problems. The multiple stepwise regressive analysis showed that correlated factor with CBCL total problems were average annual hospitalized days, stability of illness, parents' mental condition and physical health condition, and children' social activity. Conclusion] Children with chronic illnesses have more emotional and behavioral problems than normal children. It' s vital important to supply them and their family with psychosocial intervention.