珠三角地区居民对结核病知-信-行现状分析

目的探讨珠江三角洲居民结核病防治相关知识-态度-行为现状及其主要影响因素,为制定居民结核病健康干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多级整群抽样调查,随机抽取广州、深圳和中山的18~65岁居民5700人。使用统一的调查问卷对调查者的一般情况、肺结核防治相关知识、态度、行为及其影响因素等进行调查。结果有82.9%的人知晓结核病的症状,78.8%的人知道肺结核的传染性,65.7%的人知晓肺结核早治疗的好处,但只有18.5%的居民知晓咳嗽咳痰多2周以上应考虑可能肺结核病;态度上,99.6%的人都认为肺结核对劳动能力有影响,但69.5%的人认为有可以治愈,只有22.9%的人愿意与肺结核患者交往;行为上,只有18.1%的人曾主动了解过肺结核病的知识;多因素logistic回归显示,居住在城区、已婚、年纪小、高学历、家庭收入高、结核病患者和周围有结核病患者的人对结核病更加知晓。结论珠江三角洲居民的肺结核防治知识的知-信-行仍有待改善,应开展有针对性的社区健康促进工作。

Study on Knowledge,Attitude,Practice about Prevention and Treatment of Tuberculosis among Residents in Zhujiang Delta

Objective To explore the knowledge,attitude and practice about prevention and treatment of tuberculosis and influence factors among residents in Zhujiang delta region,and provide evidences for health care policy making.Methods By using cluster sampling,5700 residents aged from 18-65 years old were selected from Guangzhou city,Shenzhen city,and Zhongshan city.The questionnaires including the general information,the knowledge,attitude,practice of tuberculosis prevention and treatments and the influence factors were carried out.Results In this region,82.9% of residents knew tuberculosis symptom,78.8% of residents were conscious of the infectivity of tuberculosis,65.7% understood the advantage of early treatment to tuberculosis,only 18.5% knew that it should be considered tuberculosis if one had coughed with phlegm over 2 weeks.99.6% considered that tuberculosis will affect the ability to work,and 69.5% considered it could be cured,while only 22.9% showed that they would like to communicate with close-by tuberculosis cases as usual.Only 18.1% had forwardly gained related information about tuberculosis.Multi-variable logistic analysis had showed that the residents who lived in urban district,who were married,who were yang,thirties,whose education level were high,who were high income,who or whose family or whose friends were tubercular patients mastered tubercular knowledge better.Conclusion The level of knowledge,attitude,practice about prevention and treatment of tuberculosis among residents in Zhujiang delta region is not good.Effective health promotion about tuberculosis should be taken for residents.