胰体尾肿瘤的可视化仿真手术研究

目的 研究可视化仿真手术在治疗中胰体尾肿瘤的应用.方法 采集64排螺旋CT胰体尾肿瘤病人的原始扫描数据集,通过自适应区域生长算法对CT序列图像进行图像程序分割和自动提取,再采用自行研发的图像处理软件对图像数据进行三维重建,并导人FreeForm Modeling System进行图像修饰、平滑,然后利用GHOST SDK和PHANTOM软件系统进行胰体尾肿瘤病人术前的可视化仿真手术研究.结果 三维重建后的胰腺、胰体尾部肿瘤与邻近脏器的三维结构清楚,主胰管、腹主动脉系统、门静脉系统、胆道等主要管道系统的分布、行程以及相互关系明晰.在胰体尾肿瘤的仿真手术系统中,利用GHOST SDK可以开发出来各种仿真手术器械,利用PHANTOM系统可以完成和真实手术一样的胰体尾肿瘤仿真手术,效果逼真.结论 胰腺CT数据三维重建和可视化仿真手术的研究,对胰体尾肿瘤等胰腺手术的个体化手术方案制定、风险评估、临床教学训练等方面都有很大的应用价值.

Establishment of a three-dimensional pancreas model for simulating surgical resection of pancreatic tail carcinoma using virtual-reality technique

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of visual-reality technique for simulating surgical resection of pancreatic tail carcinoma using a 3-dimensional pancreas model reconstructed on the basis of the CT data. METHODS: The original image data of 64-slice spiral CT was obtained from a patient with pancreatic tail carcinoma. Using adaptive region growing algorithm, the serial CT images were segmented and automatically extracted for 3-dimensional reconstruction of the pancreas and the anatomically related structures with a self-designed program. The model was then processed with Freeform Modeling System for image modification and smoothing. With the assistance of GHST SDK and PHANTOM software systems, preoperative simulation of surgical resection of the carcinoma was performed on the basis of the established pancreatic model. RESULTS: The reconstructed 3-dimensional pancreatic model with the related structures clearly visualized the 3-dimensional structures of the pancreas, the pancreatic tail compromised by the carcinoma, and the adjacent organs, displaying also the distribution, courses and the anatomical relations of the ductal systems including the main pancreatic duct, abdominal aorta, portal vein system, and the biliary tract. During simulated surgery for pancreatic tail carcinoma resection, the GHOST SDK system allowed effective application of the virtual surgical instruments, and the use of PHANTOM software produced a surgical experience with high resemblance of that from an actual operation. CONCLUSION: The serial CT data-based reconstruction of 3-dimensional pancreas model and simulated operation on this model using virtual-reality technique has great potentials for application in individualized surgical planning and surgical risk assessment in cases of pancreatic tail carcinoma, and also facilitates clinical training of the surgeons.