化橘红药材商品规格等级标准分析

目的:制定化橘红药材商品规格等级的标准,引导化橘红市场流通走向规范化、科学化,为其质量控制及标准提高提供参考。方法:对35批收集的化橘红样品的外观性状特征进行量化测量,测定柚皮苷、野漆树苷、总黄酮等指标性成分含量,将测定结果进行相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析,制定化橘红药材规格等级标准。结果:选定果实直径、质量和绒毛疏密程度作为3个外观性状指标,柚皮苷、野漆树苷和总黄酮质量分数作为内在指标,将化橘红分为一等、二等、三等、四等4个等级,一等:柚皮苷、总黄酮及野漆树苷质量分数分别为≥17.1%,≥21.0%和≥0.10%,果实直径≤3 cm,质量≤8.1 g;二等:柚皮苷、总黄酮及野漆树苷质量分数分别为8.1%~17.0%,12.2%~20.9%和≥0.10%,果实直径3~4 cm,质量8.2~21.5 g;三等:柚皮苷、总黄酮及野漆树苷质量分数分别为5.6%~8.0%,9.3%~12.1%和≥0.10%,果实直径4~5 cm,质量21.6~30.5 g;四等:柚皮苷、总黄酮及野漆树苷质量分数分别为3.5%~5.5%,5.5%~9.2%和≥0.10%,果实直径≥5 cm,质量≥30.6 g。结论:以化橘红果实直径、质量和绒毛疏密程度等外观性状与内在指标综合分析,再结合市场调研结果,制定的化橘红商品规格等级标准与传统的等级划分方法基本保持一致,可作为化橘红等级标准的参考。

Analysis on Commodity Specification and Grade Standard of Citri Grandis Exocarpium

Objective: To establish the commodity specification and grade standard of Citri Grandis Exocarpium for guiding the market liquidity of this herb to standardize and scientize,and offering the reference for its quality control and identification. Method: The 35 batches of Citri Grandis Exocarpium samples were measured in quantitative characteristics of appearance and the content of index components,such as naringin,rhoifolin and total flavonoids.The data were evaluated by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.So that the commodity specification and grade standard of Citri Grandis Exocarpium was formulated. Result: Diameter,weight and the density of villi were chosen as three indexes of appearance characteristics,and the content of naringin,rhoifolin and total flavonoids as the internal indexes.The grade of Citri Grandis Exocarpium was divided into four ranks,such as the first-grade,second-grade,third-grade and four-grade. Conclusion: According to comprehensive analysis with the appearance characteristics,such as diameter,weight and the density of villi,and internal indexes of Citri Grandis Exocarpium,combinding with results of market survey,these established standards are basically the same as the traditional classification.