奎屯市1335名初中生焦虑抑郁共病研究

目的 了解奎屯市内初班与普通班焦虑抑郁现状,探讨焦虑抑郁共病影响因子及危险因素,为青少年高危人群预防干预提供依据。方法 采取整群抽样的方法选取奎屯市3所中学共1 335名中学生。采用自编调查问卷、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASCLE)作为测量工具进行问卷调查,筛查焦虑、抑郁症状,分析影响焦虑抑郁共病的相关危险因素。结果 奎屯市青少年抑郁症状总检出率34.8%,焦虑症状总检出率23.7%,焦虑抑郁共病检出率50.1%。有抑郁症状者中合并焦虑者SDS、SAS评分明显高于不伴焦虑者(P均<0.01)。多元回归分析显示:内初班、女生、人际关系、学习压力是惟患焦虑抑郁共病的相关危险因素。结论 奎屯市青少年焦虑抑郁状况较为严重,尤以内初班女生为甚。应定期开展心理健康状况筛查,建立心理危机干预机制,提高青少年心理健康水平。

Study on comorbid anxiety and depression of 1 335 junior high school students in Kuitun City of Xinjiang

Objective To understand the prevalence of anxiety and depression in junior high school students and explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of comorbid anxiety and depression, so as to provide the evidence for giving effective prevention interventions in high risk adolescents. Methods A total of 1 335 participants from three middle schools in Kuitun City were selected by using the cluster sampling method and surveyed by self-designed questionnaires, self-rating depressive scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and adolescent life events scale (ASCLE). The distribution features and related factors were analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of depression was 34.8% among the adolescents. The prevalence rate of anxiety was 23.7% .The comorbidity rate was 50.1%. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the students of middle school classes in Xinjiang, female, poor interpersonal skills and academic pressure were more likely to have comorbid anxiety and depression. Conclusion The status of anxiety and depression is relatively high in the junior high school students in Kuitun City of Xinjiang, especially in the girls of middle school classes in Xinjiang. Therefore, the mental health education and psychological consultation should be strengthened to improve the mental health of teenagers.