医学生人格特征对实习期压力的影响

目的 调查医学生实习期人格特质与压力水平,了解人格在医学生临床实习期压力应对中作用机制。方法 随机抽取某医科院校600名五年制临床医学专业实习生,采用一般情况调查表、青少年自评生活事件量表、大五人格问卷调查,运用SPSS 17.0统计分析。结果 医学生实习期压力水平总分为 3.00～57.00 分,平均(17.66±1.11)分,6个因子中学习压力因子均分最高(4.69±0.271);大五人格五维度中道德感(r=-0.221,P<0.05)、利他性(r=-0.197,P<0.05)与压力源总量呈显著负相关;利他性与健康适应(r=-0.312,P<0.01)、受惩罚(r=-0.223,P<0.05)、其他(r=-0.278,P<0.01),道德感与健康适应(r=-0.189,P<0.05)、受惩罚(r=-0.217,P<0.05)、其他(r=-0.234,P<0.05)间呈显著负相关。结论 医学生实习期压力水平无显著年龄、性别及户籍差异,不同人格特征医学生实习期间压力水平有显著性差异,不同人格特质对医学生生实习期间压力影响不同。

Influence of personality traits of clinical medicine students on their stress in clinical practice

Objective To investigate the relationship between personality and stress levels of medical students in their clinical practice. Methods A total of 600 medical students who were practicing in hospitals were randomly selected and investigated by using the general things questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) and NEO questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results The sum stress score of the clinical medical students was from 3.00-57.00, and the average score was (17.66±1.11). The highest score was the stress of learning (4.69±0.271). The most related factors were conscientiousness (r=-0.221, P<0.05) and agreeableness (r=-0.197, P<0.05). What’s more, agreeableness was related with the adaptation of health (r=-0.312, P<0.01), punishment (r=-0.223, P<0.05), and others (r=-0.278, P<0.01). Conscientiousness was related with the adaptation of health (r=-0.189, P<0.05), punishment (r=-0.217, P<0.05), and others (r=-0.234, P<0.05). Conclusion The factors of the age, sex, and census register of the clinical medical students have no significantly different influence on their scores of the stress produced in internship, but the personality traits of clinical medical students are related with the stress, that is the different personality traits have different influence on their stress in internship.