基于健康信念模式的医学生情绪管理状况调查

目的 探讨心理健康教育新模式,了解基于健康信念模式的医学生情绪管理状况,为进一步开展医学生情绪管理及心理健康教育提供基础数据。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取本校学生1050名,采用自编一般情况调查表和医学生情绪管理能力调查问卷进行调查。结果 城市学生在“知觉到益处” “知觉到严重性”“自我效能”“外部回报”4个维度上的得分及总分均低于乡村学生(P均<0.05);独生子女学生在“知觉到益处”“知觉到严重性”2个维度上的得分及总分均低于非独生子女学生(P均<0.05);单亲家庭和非单亲家庭学生情绪管理能力各维度得分及总分差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);在“知觉到障碍”“自我效能”及总分上,直系亲属未患过心理疾病的学生得分均低于其他学生(P均<0.05);母亲文化程度为大学及以上的学生在“知觉到益处”“知觉到严重性”“自我效能”3个维度及总分均低于母亲文化程度较低的学生(P均<0.05)。结论 医学生的情绪管理能力在健康信念模式的某些维度上存在差异。

Investigation on medical students' emotional management based on health belief mode

Objective To explore a new model of mental health education and understand the status of medical students' emotional management based on health belief model, so as to provide the basic data for further development of medical students' emotional management and mental health education. Methods A total of 1 050 medical students were sampled by the stratified cluster sampling method in a school. A survey was conducted by using self-compiled questionnaire of general situation and questionnaire of emotion management ability of medical students. Results The scores and total scores of urban students in four dimensions (perceived benefit, perceived severity, self-efficacy and external return) were lower than those of rural students (P<0.05). The total score and scores in "perceived benefits" and "perceived severity" of the only-child students were lower than those of non-only-children students (P<0.05). The scores of emotion management ability of single-parent and non-single-parent students were not significantly different (P>0.05). The score of students whose immediate family members had not suffer from mental illness was significantly lower than that of other students (P<0.05) in "perceived to disorder" and "self-efficacy". The students whose mother had a college or higher education had lower perceived benefits, perceived severity and self-efficacy than those whose mother had lower education (P<0.05). Conclusion The ability of emotional management of medical students differs in certain dimensions of health belief model.