Effects of acute <Emphasis Type="Italic">Plasmodium falciparum</Emphasis> malaria on body weight in children in an endemic area |
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Authors: | Akintunde Sowunmi Grace O Gbotosho Ahmed A Adedeji Babasola A Fateye Morenikeji F Sabitu Christian T Happi Fatai A Fehintola |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute for Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;(2) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria |
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Abstract: | The impacts of acute falciparum malaria on body weight and the host and parasite factors predictive of change in body weight
were characterized in 465 prospectively studied children in an endemic area of southwest Nigeria. Pre-treatment weights were
significantly lower than the 14 to 28-day post-treatment weights (P = 0.0001). In 187 children, fractional fall in body weight (FFBW) exceeded 4.9%. FFBW correlated negatively with age and
body weight (P = 0.014 and 0.0001, respectively), but not with enrolment parasitaemia. In a multiple regression model, an age ≤5 years (AOR = 2.03,
95% CI 1.2–3.2, P = 0.003), a hematocrit ≤29% (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.3, P = 0.037), and a body weight ≤9.6 kg (AOR = 5.4, 95% CI 1.7–20, P = 0.003) were independent predictors of FFBW ≥5% at presentation. Children who, after initial clearance, had recurrence of
their parasitaemia within 28 days had a significantly higher propensity not to gain weight than children who were aparasitaemic
after treatment (log-rank statistic 6.76, df = 1, P = 0.009). These results indicate that acute malaria contribute to sub-optimal growth in young children and may have implications
for malaria control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. |
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