肝内管道三维可视化模型在肝脏手术教学培训中的应用

肝脏管道系统的肝静脉系、门静脉系、肝动脉及肝胆管的解剖结构交错重叠、关系复杂,是肝脏手术和介入治疗的难点.针对活体肝脏移植、肝脏肿瘤切除及肝内门体静脉分流手术构建肝脏虚拟手术模型和仿真系统的实现,具有重要的科研意义和实用价值.准确掌握肝内管道立体结构关系并精确设计手术路径是该手术成功的关键.随着可视化技术、虚拟仿真的迅速发展和可视化人体数据集的建立,使得在计算机上实现肝内管道三维数字模型构建和虚拟手术的仿真成为可能.本文简要介绍肝内管道系统三维可视化的进展情况及其在临床解剖教学和肝脏手术培训中的初步应用和发展前景.

Application of three-dimensional visual model of intrahepatic duct system in the operation of training and teaching

The complex relationship and overlapping anatomical structure of hepatic venous system, portal venous system, hepatic artery and bile duct in the piping system of liver is difficult for hepatectomy and intrahepatic intervention treatment. It has important utilitarian value to establish virtual operation model of liver and achieve the simulation system for resecting tumor, liver transplantation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. The keys to the successful surgery are mastering solid structure relations in intrahepatic piping correctly and designing the operation approach accurately. With the developing of visual technique and virtual reality, it becomes possible to set up three-dimensional (3D) digital model of intrahepatic piping in computer and simulate virtual surgery. The extent about 3D visualization of the piping system in liver briefly, including the elementary application and the developing prospect in clinical anatomy teaching and liver operation training were introduced in this article.