742例葡萄膜炎的类型和病因分析

目的分析临床常见的葡萄膜炎的类型和病因。方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2013年7月就诊于我科的742例葡萄膜炎患者的临床资料，所有患者均进行了眼科常规以及相关实验室检查．对葡萄膜炎给予解剖分类和可能的病因分类。结果742例葡萄膜炎患者中，男性359例，占48．4％；女性383例，占51．6％，男女之比l：1．07。发病年龄3～78岁，平均（35±13）岁。感染性36例（4．9％）；非感染性葡萄膜炎706例（95．1％），其中前葡萄膜炎（AU）337例（47．7％）、全葡萄膜炎（PanU）280例（39．7％）、中间葡萄膜炎（IU）47例（6．7％）、后葡萄膜炎（PU）42例（5．9％）。非感染性葡萄膜炎706例中特发性293例占41．5％为首位，其次为伏格特-小柳-原田病（VKH）185例占26．2％、强直性脊椎炎（AS）合并葡萄膜炎46例占6．5％、Fuchs综合征44例占6．2％、Behcet病43例占6．1％，其他95例占13．5％。急性葡萄膜炎210例占28．3％，慢性532例占71．7％。复发性390例占52．6％。结论非感染性葡萄膜炎是葡萄膜炎的主要原因；特发性、自身免疫和风湿病等葡萄膜炎是常见的三类葡萄膜炎；VKH、AS、Fuchs综合征、Behcet病、感染性、幼年特发性关节炎伴发的葡萄膜炎（JCA）、青-睫综合征、溃疡性结肠炎等葡萄膜炎是临床常见的八种葡萄膜炎。

Clinical patterns and etiology analysis on 742 uveitis cases

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical types and etiology of uveitis. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 742 cases of patients with uveitis from January 2000 to July 2013. Routine examination of ophthalmology and laboratory was carried out.Anatomy and etiology classification was carried out. RESULTS Among 742 cases of uveitis, male 359（48.4%）, female 383 （51.6%）, the ratio of male and female was 1：1.07. The age ranged from 3 to 78, mean 35±13 years old. Thirty-six cases of infection （4.9%）, non-infectious uveitis in 706 eases （95.1%）. Anterior uveitis （AU） in 337 cases （47.7%）, 280 cases of panuveitis （PanU） （39.7%）, intermediate uveitis （IU） in 47 cases （6.7%）, posterior uveitis （PU） in 42 cases （5.9%）. Non-infectious uveitis in 706 cases and 293 cases of idiopathic accounted for 41.5% as the first, followed by the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease （VKH） 185 （26.2%）, uveitis associated with ankylosing spondylitis （AS） 46 （6.5%）, Fuchs syndrome in 44 （6.2%）, Behcet＇s disease 43 （6.1%） The other （13.5）. The acute uveitis 210 cases （28.3%）, 532 chronic cases （71.7%）, 390 recurrent cases 52.6%. CONCLUSIONS Non-infectious uveitis was a major cause of uveitis; idiopathic, autoimmune and rheumatic diseases associated uveitis was the most common three kinds of uveitis; VKH, AS, Fuchs syndrome, Behcet disease, infection, JCA, glaucomato cyclitic syndrome and ulcerative colitis associated uveitis was the commonly seen eight kinds of ones in clinic.