基于现代文献的糖尿病视网膜病变用药规律探讨

目的探讨中医药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的常用药物和配伍规律。方法以1991年1月至2013年8月在省级以上期刊发表，以中医药为主治疗糖尿病视网膜病变，且经过临床疗效观察有效的中药复方为研究对象，对其用药进行聚类分析，探索中医药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的常用药物和配伍规律。结果糖尿病视网膜病变中药药物治疗使用最多的药物为生地黄、黄芪、丹参。聚类分析显示糖尿病视网膜病变用药可分为9类，包括活血化瘀止血类，补益肝肾类，补气类，养阴类，清热泻火凉血类等。结论糖尿病视网膜病变的用药是建立在中医整体观念和辨证论治的基础上的，其特点是全身辨证与眼局部辨证相结合。具体药物以补气、补阴、活血及清热类中药为主，因此益气养阴，活血化瘀，清热泻火凉血是糖尿病视网膜病变治疗的基本治疗方法。

Analysis on drug using regularity treating diabetic retinopathy based on neoteric literature

OBJECTIVE To discuss the regularity of commonly used drugs and law of compatibility of TCM in treatment of diabetic retinopathy （DR）. METHODS Traditional Chinese medicine compound published between January 1991 to August 2013 on journals was taken to study, which was effective in clinical and the main treatment of DR. Cluster analysis was performed on the drug to explore the commonly used drugs and law of compatibility of TCM in treatment of DR. RESULTS The most used drug in TCM on treatment of DR were Radix rehmanniae, Radix Astragali, and Radix Salviae mihiorrhizae. Clustering analysis showed that the drugs could be divided into nine categories, including blood stasis hemostasis, tonifying the liver and kidney, invigorating qi, nourishing yin, cooling blood, clearing heat and purging fire. CONCLUSIONS The drugs were based on the whole concept of traditional Chinese medicine and treatment based on syndrome differentiation. Its characteristic was the combination of systemic syndrome and ocular syndrome. The main drug used based on supplementing qi, nourishing yin, promoting blood circulation, clearing away heat. Therefore, supplementing qi and nourishing yin, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, cheating heat and purging fire cooling was the basic method in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.