2000-2009年小于胎龄儿0~2岁体格生长趋势变化的单中心回顾性研究

目的 探讨2000-2009年小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)0~2岁的体格生长趋势变化规律。方法 回顾性收集2000-2009年在华西第二医院建立儿童保健档案的SGA,分别在3、6、12、18、24月龄测量体重、身长,采用Z积分计算生长速度,并评估生长偏离的发生情况。结果 筛选出出生资料完整准确,并在规定的各随访时间范围内进行了体重、身长测量的SGA 592例。SGA男童在3、12、18月龄时生长迟缓的发生率较女童高,而女童在3月龄时超重的发生率高于男童(P<0.05)。无论男、女童,2000-2004年出生的SGA在3、6、12、18月龄时的身长及增长速度均低于2005-2009年出生的SGA,且2000-2004年出生的SGA男童在各年龄段身长出现追赶生长的发生率明显低于2005-2009年出生的SGA男童,SGA女童在3、6、12月龄时身长出现追赶生长的发生率明显低于2005-2009年出生的SGA女童,而体重水平、增长速度及体重出现追赶生长的发生率差异无统计学意义。 结论 SGA主要在生后3～6月龄出现追赶生长。儿童保健工作者应注意不同年龄阶段的保健重点。

Single center retrospective study:0~2 years old physical growth trend change research about small for gestational age infant from 2000-2009.

Objective To explore the 0~2 years old physical growth trend change of small for gestational age infant (SGA) from 2000 to 2009. Methods The SGA from 2000 to 2009 in child health care of West China Second University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively.The physical growth were measured at 3,6,12,18,24 months.The velocity of growth was measured by Z score,and the deviation of growth were analyzed. Results There were 240 male SGA cases and 352 female SGA cases whose birth data were complete and accurate.The incidence of growth retardation of male at 3,12,18 months were significantly higher than those of female,but the incidence of overweight of female at 3 months were significantly higher than that of male(P<0.05),No matter male SGA,female SGA,the length and growth rates of SGA born in 2000-2004 at 3,6,12,18 months old were significantly less than those born in 2005-2009(P<0.05),moreover,the incidence of catch-up in length at different age were significantly less than those born in 2005-2009 in male(P<0.05).The incidence of catch-up in length at 3,6,12 months old were significantly less than those born in 2005-2009 in female(P<0.05).The level,growth rate,incidence of catch-up of weight had no differences among different groups. Conclusions The SGA was retarded in its growth and development influenced by unhealthy factors during fetal life.SGA usually catched up in growth at 3~6 months.The child health care workers should pay attention to the key of health care according to the different age.