Comparison of surgical result of anterolateral thigh flap in reconstruction of through-and-through cheek defect with/without CT angiography guidance

Objectives

Anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) is an useful flap for head and neck reconstruction, but the variable perforators may limit its applications. Our goal was to clarify the benefits of preoperative CT angiography (CTA) in mapping of free ALT perforators for reconstruction of cheek through-and-through defects.

Method

We retrospectively reviewed 32 patients undergoing reconstruction of through-and-through cheek defects with a free ALT flap between February 2005 and July 2009. These patients were divided into two groups. Group I (N = 17): the ALT flap was designed based on the traditional handheld Doppler probe. Group II (N = 15): preoperative imaging with CTA was used to map the perforator’s number, size and variations. Surgical results were evaluated for both major and minor complications, as with the operation time, length of hospital stay and donor-site morbidity.

Results

Overall flap survival was 96.88% (31 of 32 flaps). The use of preoperative CTA was associated with a significant reduction in major surgical complications, length of surgery and the need for a secondary debulking procedure (p < 0.05). There was no difference in minor complication and donor-site morbidity.

Conclusions

The use of CTA for preoperative navigation of ALT flap for cheek reconstruction is associated with improved operative outcomes. Detailed data from images allow the surgeon to interpret any anatomical variations, choosing the exact suitable thigh, facilitate flap design, and greatly reduce major postoperative complications.