高原环境对青年男性精子DNA损伤的影响

目的:探讨长期高原作业是否能造成精子DNA的损伤。方法:以53例驻守低海拔地区的部队官兵为对照组,51例高海拔地区的部队官兵为观察组进行调查和对照研究,通过单细胞凝胶电泳技术和染色质扩散实验,检测精子DNA的损伤情况。结果:观察组在进入高原前的各项指标与对照组之间均无明显差异(P>0.05)。观察组的总彗星细胞发生率、各级彗星细胞发生率(G1、G2、G3)和DNA异常精子百分率在进入高原地区前分别为:(5.56±3.98)%、(3.72±1.85)%、(1.57±1.07)%、(0.27±0.34)%和(16.59±12.07)%,进入高原地区半年后均有升高,分别为:(11.15±8.59)%、(5.97±3.26)%、(3.83±2.13)%、(1.35±1.53)%和(22.03±15.33)%,与半年前相比差异显著(P<0.05);二级彗星细胞发生率(G2)和DNA异常精子百分率在1年后有所下降,分别为(3.32±1.83)%和(20.54±15.52)%,但仍比进入高原地区前有明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:长期在高原地区作业可引起精子DNA损伤,但对生育潜能的影响有待进一步研究。加强高原地区作业人员的男性生殖健康预防保健工作仍然十分重要。

Sperm DNA damage in young men working on the plateau

Objective:To investigate whether long working in the high-altitude area can damage sperm DNA in men.Methods:We enlisted 51 service men stationed on the plateau in an observation group and another 53 living in the low-altitude area in a control group.We detected and compared the damages to sperm DNA in the semen samples from the two groups using single cell gel electrophoresis and the sperm chromatin dispersion test.Results:The percentages of total,G1,G2 and G3 comet cells and abnormal sperm of the observation group were(5.56±3.98) %,(3.72±1.85) %,(1.57±1.07) %,(0.27±0.34) % and(16.59±12.07) %,respectively,before stationed on the plateau,but significantly increased at 6 months of plateau life(11.15±8.59] %,5.97±3.26] %,3.83±2.13] %,1.35±1.53] % and 22.03±15.33] %,P<0.05).The percentages of G2 comet cells and abnormal sperm were decreased to(3.32±1.83) % and(20.54±15.52) % at 12 months,but still significantly higher than the baseline(P<0.05).Conclusion:Long working on the plateau may damage sperm DNA,but its influence on male fertility deserves further investigation.Therefore,it is important to reinforce reproductive health protection for males working on the plateau.