北京市大兴区946例脑卒中高危人群危险因素现况调查

目的了解和掌握北京市大兴区946例脑卒中高危人群危险因素、暴露水平及其人群分布特征。方法抽取大兴区亦庄镇、旧宫镇和安定镇3个乡镇中的各1个社区,采取整群抽样方法 ,对3个社区中≥45岁的1000名北京户籍居民进行调查。设计统一的调查问卷,对符合入选标准者进行一般项目及脑卒中常见危险因素现况调查;按年龄和性别分组,对危险因素暴露率及其人群分布特征进行分析和描述。结果符合纳入标准且最终纳入数据统计分析的人数为946人,高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、卒中家族史、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒等因素的暴露率分别为34.5%、7.5%、13.7%、26.5%、37.1%、23.3%和31.9%。男性年龄组心脏病、糖尿病、吸烟史和饮酒史差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女性年龄组高血压病、心脏病、卒中家族史、肥胖差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别间肥胖、吸烟史和饮酒史差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组及性别间收缩压、舒张压和体质指数(BMI)等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大兴区946例脑卒中高危人群危险因素整体暴露水平较高,各因素暴露水平与年龄、性别密切相关。

A cross-sectional study on risk factors in 946 high risk persons of stroke in Daxing district, Beijing

Objective To find out exposure level and distribution characteristics of risk factors in 946 high - risk persons of stroke in Daxing district. Methods Three communities of different areas were selected through cluster sampling method. 1000 local registered permanent residents aged more than 45 years old were enrolled in the study. All participants were investigated by a questionnaire which included general information and common risk factors of stroke. Participants were grouped by age and gender. Exposure rate of risk factors and its population distributive characteristics were described according to cross- sectional study. Results 946 individuals met the inclusion criteria and enlisted into data analysis. The exposure rate of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, family history of stroke, obesity, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were 34.5% , 7.5% , 13.7% , 26.5% , 37. 1% , 23. 3% and 31. 9% , respectively. There were significant differences in heart disease, diabetes, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in male groups （P 〈 0.05 ） and in hypertension, heart disease, family history of stroke, obesity in female groups（P 〈 0.05）. There were significant differences in obesity, smoking and drinking between male and female（P 〈 0.05）. The significant differences were also found in systolic and diastolic blood pressure level and BMI among age and gender groups （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The level of exposure rate of stroke risk factors in 946 persons in Daxing district was high and closely relevant to age and gender.