妊娠期支气管哮喘治疗进展

临床研究已证明妊娠期重度及控制不佳的支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)与母亲及胎儿严重并发症相关.对于妊娠期哮喘患者,接受药物治疗比存在哮喘症状和哮喘发作更安全.所有程度的持续妊娠哮喘患者都应当应用吸入糖皮质激素作为控制药物,首选布地奈德.白三烯受体拮抗剂可以缓解支气管痉挛、减轻症状、改善肺功能.长效β2受体激动剂对于正在应用吸入糖皮质激素的患者可作为首选的添加药物.吸入短效β2受体激动剂可以作为缓解药物.对于正在接受维持量或接近维持量治疗,无不良反应、临床疗效好的妊娠哮喘患者可以继续进行变应原免疫治疗.

Achievement of bronchial asthma therapy during pregnancy

Clinical studies have confirmed that severe or uncontrolled bronchial asthma (asthma)during pregnancy may result in adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. It is safer for pregnant women with asthma to be treated with asthma medications than for them to have asthma symptoms and exacerbations.Inhaled corticosteroids should be considered the controller medication for all severities of persistent asthma in pregnant women, preferably inhaled budesonide. Leukotrienes receptor antagonists protect against bronchoconstriction,reduce asthma symptoms and improve pulmonary function in patients with asthma.Long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists are the preferred adjunct to inhaled corticosteroids therapy in the pregnant patients with asthma. Inhaled short-acting β2-agonists are the rescue therapy. Continuation of allergen immunotherapy is recommended in patients who are at or near a maintenance dose, not experiencing adverse reactions to the therapy,and apparently deriving clinical benefit.