Interaction between body composition and impact-related parameters in male and female heel-toe runners |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Sports Medicine and Non-Operative Orthopaedics, Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;2. Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland;3. University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, I3S, UMR727 Sophia Antipolis, France;4. University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, LAMHESS, EA 6309 Nice, France;5. University of Toulon, LAMHESS, EA 6309 La Garde, France;1. Department of Podiatry, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore;2. National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;3. Department of Physiotherapy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore;1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada;2. Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec, Canada;3. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada;1. School of Sport, Exercise & Nutrition, Massey University, 63 Wallace Street, Mt Cook, Wellington 6021, New Zealand;2. School of Sport, Exercise & Nutrition, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand;3. Centre for Ergonomics and Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand;4. School of Sport, Exercise & Nutrition, Massey University, Albany Highway, Albany 0632, New Zealand;5. Department of Kinesiology, Seattle University, 901 12th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98122, USA |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundBone fatigue resistance and more generally the ability to dissipate the stress sustained in dynamic tasks are partly affected by tissue properties. Men and women demonstrate substantial differences in body composition.Research questionTo assess whether gender, as a function of body composition, affects impact-related parameters in running.MethodsA qualitative study has been conducted. Twelve females and eighteen males performed four 2-min running trials at 2.8 m∙s−1, 3.3 m∙s−1, 3.9 m∙s−1, and 4.4 m∙s−1 while recording axial and transverse tibial acceleration. Peak acceleration and power spectral density within the impact-related frequency range (vibration content) were measured. Bone mineral content, fat mass, lean mass, and muscle mass were assessed using an impedance meter. Two-way (gender × speed) ANOVAs were computed. Multiple linear regressions were then used to assess the magnitude of the effect of body composition indicators on impact-related parameters.ResultsSignificant gender and speed effects were observed. Females and high running speeds were associated with greater peak acceleration and vibration content at the tibia. Small interactions were observed between muscle mass and axial peak acceleration and vibration content, and between bone mineral content and transverse peak acceleration and vibration content, and axial vibration content.SignificanceWomen demonstrated greater mechanical stress than men during running. High mechanical stress was associated with low bone mineral content and muscle mass. These findings may have implications in the prevention and management of bone overuse injuries in runners. |
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| Keywords: | Running Vibration Shock Gender Muscle mass |
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