The role of cholesterol and statins in stroke |
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Authors: | Babak B Navi Alan Z Segal |
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Institution: | (1) Weill-Cornell Medical Center, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA |
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Abstract: | Flawed observational studies find weak associations between high cholesterol and ischemic stroke, and low cholesterol and
hemorrhagic stroke. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides each appear
to have individual effects on stroke risk and type. Statins decrease the risk of cerebral infarction in patients with coronary
disease, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. They also significantly decrease the risk of ischemic stroke in
patients with recent cerebrovascular disease, while potentially increasing the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. Lower achieved
cholesterol values are associated with greater reductions in stroke risk. Besides their cholesterol-lowering properties, statins
are also pleiotropic agents with various neuroprotective mechanisms. Neurologic disability and infarct size are decreased
in patients administered statins during stroke. Mortality and neurologic deterioration are higher in patients with statin
cessation during acute ischemic stroke. Cholesterol is a modifiable risk factor for stroke, and statins are excellent agents
for prophylaxis and acute therapy. |
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Keywords: | |
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