Diet,fatty acids,and regulation of genes important for heart disease |
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Authors: | John P Vanden Heuvel |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Veterinary Sciences and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Pennsylvania State University, 226 Fenske Laboratory, 16802 University Park, PA, USA |
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Abstract: | Diets rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), such as alpha-linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic
acid, are associated with decreased incidence and severity of coronary heart disease. Similarly, conjugated linoleic acids
(CLAs), which are found in meat and dairy products, have beneficial effects against atherosclerosis, diabetes, and obesity.
The effects of n3-PUFAs and CLAs are in contrast to fatty acids with virtually identical structures, such as linoleic acid
and arachidonic acid (ie, n-6 PUFAs). This article discusses the possibility that cognate receptors exist for fatty acids or their metabolites that
are able to regulate gene expression and coordinately affect metabolic or signaling pathways associated with coronary heart
disease. Three nuclear receptors are emphasized as fatty acid receptors that respond to dietary and endogenous ligands: peroxisome
proliferator activated receptors, retinoid X receptors, and liver X receptors. |
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Keywords: | |
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