贵州省初中生非自杀性自伤行为现状与影响因素研究

目的 了解贵州省初中生非自杀性自伤行为的分布特征及影响因素，为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法 按多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法，抽取2380名贵州省初中生为研究对象，采用《中国青少年健康相关/危险行为调查问卷（初中版）》进行现场自填式问卷调查，不同组别初中生非自杀性自伤行为报告率用卡方检验，影响因素的分析用非条件logistic回归分析。结果 调查时点前12个月里，贵州省初中生NSSI行为的报告率为13.8%，发生1次的报告率为7.7%，男生14.3%、女生13.3%，初一14.3%、初二11.5%、初三16.0%；多因素分析结果显示，初二（OR=0.662）、核心家庭（OR=0.752）与NSSI行为发生存在负相关；母亲文化程度为高中/技校/中专（OR=1.813）、被打/踢/推/挤或关在屋里（OR=1.544）、被开色情玩笑（OR=1.598）、参与打架（OR=2.368）、感到孤独（OR=2.074）、因学习压力不愉快（OR=1.626）、伤心绝望（OR=2.126）、自杀意念（OR=4.047）与NSSI行为存在正相关。结论 家庭方面要注重家庭环境的建设，为学生创造一个和谐、舒适的家庭氛围，以减少其出现NSSI行为。学校方面要研究贴合初中生心理发展需求的健康教育内容及心理健康课程，以便学生能更好的自我排解压力。

Status and influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury in junior students,Guizhou

To understand the distribution and influencing factors of non － suicidal self － injury ( NSSI) in junior students in Guizhou，and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Stratified multi － stage random cluster sampling was used to collect 2380 junior students from 8 junior middle schools in Guizhou. The questionnaire about health risk behaviors of Chinese adolescents was used in the survey. Chi － square test was used to analyse the reporting rate of non － suicidal self － injury behaviors among junior students in different groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse influencing factors. Ｒesults In the 12 months before the survey，the detection rate of NSSI among junior students in Guizhou was 13. 8% ，14. 3% for boys，13. 3% for girls. Prevalence of Grades 7 － 9 was 14. 3% ，11. 5% and 16. 0% ，respectively. And the reporting rate of one occurrence was 7. 7% There were negative correlations between some factors and NSSI，which included Grade 8 ( OＲ = 0. 662) and core family ( OＲ = 0. 752) . And Multi － factor analysis results showed that there were positive correlations between several factors and NSSI，which included education level of mother ( OＲ = 1. 813) ，being bullied ( OＲ = 1. 544，OＲ = 1. 598) ，fighting ( OＲ = 2. 368) ，feeling lonely ( OＲ = 2. 074) ，unhappy due to study pressure ( OＲ = 1. 626) ，despairing ( OＲ = 2. 126) ，suicidal ideation ( OＲ = 4. 047) . Conclusion The reporting rate of NSSI behaviors of junior students in Guizhou is relatively high. The family should pay attention to the construction of the family environment and create a harmonious and comfortable family atmosphere for students to reduce NSSI. Schools should put up mental health courses so that students can better handle the pressure.