医务人员遭受医院暴力情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解医务人员遭受医院暴力的现状，分析医院暴力行为发生的影响因素，探究医院暴力的预防措施。方法 通过问卷调查的方法收集山西省医务人员遭受医院暴力情况等相关数据，采用SPSS软件进行数据分析。结果 医院暴力事件的发生率为68.51%，其中以语言暴力为主。单因素分析结果显示，性别（x2=8.845，P=0.003）、学历（x2=39.396，P<0.001）、工作年限（x2=8.463，P=0.037）、医院级别（x2=5.612，P=0.018）、工作岗位（x2=23.813，P<0.001）、科室（x2=33.486，P<0.001）均有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，与本科以下比较，本科（OR=2.687）和硕士及以上（OR=2.131）医务人员遭受医院暴力风险更大，与职能科室比较，妇产科（OR=3.623）和急诊科（OR=4.019）医务人员遭受医院暴力风险更大。结论 医务人员遭受医院暴力的风险性高，造成严重的身心伤害，有关部门应采取相应的预防措施减少暴力事件的发生。

Prevalence and influence factors of the hospital violence against medical staff

To investigate the status of the hospital violence and the influencing factors of hospital violence，so as to explore the preventive measures of hospital violence. Methods Totally 1018 medical staff of public hospitals in Shanxi Province was surveyed with a self － designed questionnaire. The information on demography and hospital violence victimization was collected. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Ｒesults The incidence of hospital violence was 68. 51% ，mainly verbal violence. The results of Chi － square test showed that gender ( χ2 = 8. 845，P = 0. 003) ，education background ( χ2 =39. 396，P ＜ 0. 001) ，working years ( χ2 = 8. 463，P = 0. 037) ，hospital level ( χ2 = 5. 612，P = 0. 018) ，working position ( χ2= 23. 813，P ＜ 0. 001) and department ( χ2 = 33. 486，P ＜ 0. 001) were statistically significant. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those under the bachelor’s degree，medical staff with bachelor’s degree( OＲ = 2. 687) and master’s degree or above ( OＲ = 2. 131) had greater risk of hospital violence. Compared with those in functional departments，medical staff in Obstetrics and Gynecology ( OＲ = 3. 623) and emergency department ( OＲ = 4. 019)had greater risk of hospital violence. Conclusion The overall prevalence of the hospital violence is at high level，injuring physical and mental health of medical staff. Ｒelevant departments should take corresponding preventive measures to reduce the incidence of hospital violence.