突发公共卫生事件下公众焦虑抑郁情绪及其影响因素分析

目的了解新冠肺炎重大突发公共卫生事件下公众焦虑、抑郁状况并分析影响因素,为公众负性情绪早期识别、早期干预提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样,使用自编一般资料调查表、抑郁筛查量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、知觉压力量表(PSS-10)对18～76岁的3075名公众进行网络问卷调查,应用单因素分析和多元线性回归法分析其焦虑、抑郁的影响因素。结果公众焦虑情绪发生率为26.83%,抑郁情绪发生率为33.46%,压力感知均分(13.75±5.22)分。公众压力感知与抑郁、焦虑呈正相关(r=0.497、0.540,均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析提示,年龄(β=-1.570,95%CI:-3.104～-0.036)、婚姻状况(β=1.028,95%CI:0.530～1.527)、性格(神经质型,β=1.168,95%CI:0.712～1.624;开放性型,β=0.042,95%CI:0.003～0.881)、患有慢性疾病(β=0.801,95%CI:0.261～1.340)、平均每天关注肺炎相关信息时长(β=-0.671,95%CI:-1.185～-0.157)、担心自己或家...

Public anxiety and depression and its influencing factors under public health emergencies

To understand public anxiety and depression in the context of a major public health emergency aboutCOVID－19 and to analyze the influencing factors，so as to provide a theoretical basis for the early identification and earlyintervention of negative emotions.Methods An online questionnaire survey was conducted among the 3075 public aged 18－76 years using the self－designed general information questionnaire，Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ－9)，GeneralizedAnxiety Disorder(GAD－7)and Perceived Stress Scale(PSS－10).Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression wereused to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression.Ｒesults The incidence of anxiety was 26.83%，theincidence of depression was 33.46%，and the score of PSS－10 was(13.75±5.22).Public perception of stress waspositively correlated with depression and anxiety(r=0.497，0.540，P＜0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis suggestedthat ages(β=－1.570，95%CI:－3.104～－0.036)，marital status(β=1.028，95%CI:0.530～1.527)，personality(Neurotic type，β=1.168，95%CI:0.712～1.624;Open type，β=0.042，95%CI:0.003～0.881)，chronic illness(β=0.801，95%CI:0.261～1.340)，average daily attention to pneumonia－related information(β=－0.671，95%CI:－1.185～－0.157)，fear of infection to oneself or family members(β=1.062，95%CI:0.825～1.299)，and stress perception(β=0.341，95%CI:0.321～0.361)were factors influencing public anxiety(all P＜0.05).Marital status(β=0.739，95%CI:0.326～1.151)，personality(Neurotic type，β=1.969，95%CI:1.355～2.583;Open type，β=0.966，95%CI:0.374～1.557)，monthly family income(4000－9999 yuan，β=－0.314，95%CI:－0.620～－0.009;≥10000 yuan，β=－0.747，95%CI:－1.177～－0.316)，chronic illness(β=1.241，95%CI:0.581～1.965)，fear of infection to oneself orfamily members(β=1.213，95%CI:0.375～0.429)，average daily attention to pneumonia－relatedinformation(0～1 hour(inclusive)，β=－1.078，95%CI:－1.770～－0.386;1～3 hour(inclusive)，β=－0.940，95%CI:－1.748～－0.133)and stress perception(β=0.402，95%CI:0.375～0.429)were factors influencing public depression(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The public has a high incidence of negative emotions such as anxiety and depression under the major publichealth emergency about COVID－19，and the higher the degree of anxiety or depression，the greater the public’s pressureperception.Therefore，the influencing factors of such groups should be understood and targeted measures should be taken forpsychological intervention.